BIOGRAPHICAL REGISTER

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | V | W | Y |

A

Adams, James (1783-1843), lawyer; born at Limsbury, Hartford County, Connecticut. Married Harriet Denton, 1809 and moved to Oswego, New York. To Springfield, Illinois in 1821, where he became the pioneer attorney of Sangamon County. Elected justice of the peace in 1823 and probate judge in 1841. Participant in the War of 1812 and the Winnebago and Black Hawk Indian wars, 1827, 1831-2. Joined the Latter-day Saints about 1836 and ordained a patriarch. Elected Deputy Grand Master of the masonic Grand Lodge of Illinois, 1840. Instrumental in establishing the Nauvoo masonic lodge in 1842. Had just been elected Hancock County probate judge and was preparing to move to Nauvoo when he died of cholera (History of the Church, 5:527-28; 6:50-51; Hogan, Mormonism and Freemasonry, 308-13; Power, History of the Early Settlers, 76; Walgren, "James Adams," 121-136).

Adams, Lucien (1818-1882), merchant, attorney and justice of the peace, born in Oswego, New York. Son of James Adams. Died at Springfield, Illinois (U.S. Census, Sangamon County, Illinois, 1850, 1860; State of Illinois, Sangamon County, Probate Court Records).

Angell, Truman O. (1810-1887), carpenter, joiner, architect. Brother-in-law to Brigham Young. Born at Providence, Rhode Island. Married Polly Johnson, 1832. Living in China, New York, when converted to Mormonism, 1833. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1835 and worked on the temple. Member of the Second Quorum of Seventy. Moved to Missouri, 1837; and Illinois, 1839. Supervised joiner work on Nauvoo temple. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley with pioneers of 1847. Appointed church architect; supervised construction of many buildings including Salt Lake Temple ("Truman O. Angell -Master Builder," Our Pioneer Heritage, 10:194-204; Whitney, History of Utah, 4:60-61).

Anthon, Charles (1797-1867), educator, classical scholar, born in New York City. Entered Columbia College at age 14; he so excelled above his classmates that he was excluded from further competition and graduated in 1815. Studied law, and was admitted to the New York bar, 1819. A master of Greek and Latin, he was professor of classical studies and literature at Columbia College from 1820 until his death. Widely acclaimed for his scholarship, he published at least one volume annually for thirty years. Died in New York City (Kimball, "The Anthon Transcript," 325-52; Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 1:313-14; Drisler, A Commemorative Discourse; "The Late Doctor Anthon," Harper's Weekly, 17 August 1867, 525-26).

Atchison, David Rice (1807-1886), lawyer; born near Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky. Graduate of Transylvania University, 1825. Admitted to the Kentucky bar in 1829. Moved to Clay County, Missouri, in 1830, where he became a prominent lawyer and was appointed major-general in the Missouri state militia. One of the legal counsel for Mormon prisoners in the Liberty Jail, 1838-39. Appointed judge of the circuit court of Platte County, 1841. Elected to the Missouri legislature, 1834 and 1838. Served in the US Senate, 1838-1855, where he was frequently President protem, was chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs, and was influential in framing the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. Moved to Clinton County, Missouri in 1856, where he worked a 1700 acre farm. He died at Gower, Clinton County (The United States Biographical Dictionary, Missouri volume, 170-72; Van Doren, Webster's American Biographies, 43-44).

Avard, Sampson (1803-1869), physician; born at St. Peters on the Isle of Guernsey, Great Britain. His wife, Eliza, was a native of Virginia, and one of their children was born there in 1831. Baptized and ordained an elder by Orson Pratt in Freedom, Beaver County, Pennsylvania, 1835. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1836. Prominent in Missouri Danite activities, 1838. Testimony against Joseph Smith at the 1838 Richmond hearing was a key factor in the Prophet's imprisonment. Excommunicated, 1839. By 1850 he was a practicing physician in Edwardsville, Madison County, Illinois, where he died (History of the Church, 3:181, 192-93, 209-10, 284, 310; U.S. Census, Madison County, Illinois, 1850; Hair. Gazetteer of Madison County, 162).

Avery, Arvin Allen (1812-1877), born at Spafford, Onondaga County, New York. He married Francis Maria Babbitt, 25 September 1835. He was living in Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1846. Evidently did not go west with the Latter-day Saints (Avery and Avery, The Groton Avery Clan, 1:565; "Nauvoo Temple Endowment Register," 219).

Avery, Daniel (1797-?), farmer, carpenter; born in New York. Father of Philander Avery. Participated in the Missouri difficulties of 1838. Presided over the elders quorum at Montrose, Iowa, 1839. Kidnapped to Missouri from Hancock County, Illinois, 1843 (U.S. Census, Camden, Schuyler County, Illinois, 1850; History of the Church, 4:42; 6:122-23).

Avery, Philander (1823-1907), farmer; born in Franklin County, Ohio. Son of Daniel Avery. In 1830s moved to Illinois, Missouri, then back to Illinois. Living in Knox County in 1850 and by 1852 settled in Camden, Schuyler County. Affiliated with the Latter-day Saints for a time in Missouri, Illinois. Married Elizabeth Meeks, 1842. Kidnaped from Hancock County, Illinois to Missouri, 1843. Well known for his kindness and philanthropy. Died at Camden (Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia . . . and History of Schuyler County, Illinois, 771-72).

B

Babbitt, Almon W. (1813-1856), attorney; born at Cheshire, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Converted to Mormonism, 1833. Married Julia Ann Johnson, 1834. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp to Missouri later that same year. At the conclusion of a proselyting mission to Upper Canada, 1837-38 he led a company of immigrating Saints to Missouri. Appointed president of Kirtland Stake, 1841. Presiding elder at Ramus, Hancock County, Illinois, 1843. Elected to Illinois state legislature from Hancock County, 1844. Appointed to the committee to sell the property of Latter-day Saints departing from Nauvoo, 1845; and postmaster of Nauvoo, 1846. Crossed the plains to Utah in 1848. Disfellowshipped, 1851. Appointed secretary of Utah Territory, 1852. Killed by Cheyenne Indians in Nebraska (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:284; Cook, Revelations, 251-52; "Almon Whiting Babbitt," in Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 11:513-572; Ridd, "Almon W. Babbitt").

Badlam, Alexander (1808-1894), coachmaker; born at Norfolk, Norfolk County, Massachusetts. Married Mary Ann Brannan, sister of Samuel Brannan. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Appointed to the First Quorum of Seventy, 1835. Presided over Boston branch of the Church, 1846-48. Migrated to Utah, 1850. Mission to California, 1852; studying Chinese in Sacramento, 1853-55. President of Sixth Quorum of Seventy. By 1872 he had left the Church (History of the Church, 2:183, 204; Black, Membership , 3:146-47; "Journal History," 9 Feb 1853; 12 Jan, 4 Apr 1855; 16 Sep 1872).

Bailey, Mary (1808-1841), born at Bedford, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire. Converted to Mormonism in Boston by Orson Hyde and Samuel Harrison Smith, 1832. Married Samuel H. Smith on 13 August 1834. Mother of four children. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Family Group Records Collection; Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 28:103).

Baker, Elizabeth, married Thomas Carrico, in Kirtland, Ohio, 1836.

Baldwin, Caleb (1791-1849), born at Nobletown, Orange County, New York. Veteran of the War of 1812. Converted to Mormonism by Parley Pratt in 1830. To Missouri in 1831; imprisoned with Joseph Smith in Liberty Jail. Migrated to Utah in 1848. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia 2: 589-90).

Barlow, Israel (1806-1883), farmer, nurseryman, stockraiser; born at Granville, Hampden County, Massachusetts. After joining the Latter-day Saints he participated in the march of Zion's Camp in 1834 and in the Crooked River battle in Missouri in 1838. Assisted in the location of the Saints at Nauvoo. Married Elizabeth Haven, 1840. Engaged as a body guard to Joseph Smith. Came to Salt Lake Valley in 1848. Missionary to England 1853-55. Helped settle Bountiful, Davis County, Utah, where he died (Family Group Records Collection; Esshom, Pioneers, 736).

Barstow, George (1812-1883), an attorney, was born at Haverhill, New Hampshire, and studied at Dartmouth College in 1835. He was a practicing attorney in Boston, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. In 1842 he published a history of New Hampshire that reached a second edition in 1851. About 1850 he moved to San Francisco, California, where he practiced law and was professor of medical jurisprudence at the University of the Pacific; he served in the California House of Representatives and was president of the Young Men's Christian Association. He died in San Francisco, leaving a wife but no children (Bell, Bench and Bar of New Hampshire, 171).

Bardsley/Beardslee, Andrew, born in the 1780s, was living in Kirtland, Ohio at the time of the 1820-1840 U.S. censuses.

Beman, Alvah (1775-1837), born at New Marlboro, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Married Sally Burtts in 1796. Moved from Massachusetts to Livonia, Livingston County, New York, 1799. Had sheep, cattle, a large farm, made cloth. Later the family moved to Avon, Livingston County, New York. He was among the first to be acquainted with Joseph Smith, and his work in Palmyra, New York. Assisted Joseph in concealing Book of Mormon plates from a Palmyra mob. In 1830 he and his family of six, including four daughters, resided at Livonia, New York. Appointed to preside over elders of the Church at Kirtland, 1836. Died at Kirtland, Ohio (Backman, A Profile of Latter-day Saints, 6; History of the Church, 2:370; Mary B. Noble, Autobiography, Ms. LDS Church Archives).

Beemer, Philip (1789-?), born at Grimsby, Ontario, Canada. Married Mary Ann Bloomfield, 1816. Militia officer in the War of 1812. Proprietor of a traveler's hostel in Colborne, Norfolk, Ontario, Canada ("History of Colborne Village," MS, 3-5, LDS Family History Library; Owen, Pioneer Sketches, 474-75, 486-87).

Bennet, James Arlington (1788-1865), born in New York. A lawyer, studied medicine, lectured on bookkeeping in New York. He was a second lieutenant of artillery in 1814. Appointed inspector-general of the Nauvoo Legion, 1842. Proprietor of the Arlington Academy at New Utrecht, King's County, Long Island, 1843. Joined the Latter-day Saints, 1843, but left the Church soon after the death of Joseph Smith. He was Joseph Smith's first choice as vice-presidential running mate in the 1844 Presidential election. Living at Gravesend, King's County, New York in 1860 (U.S. Census, Gravesend, King's County, New York, 1860; New Utrecht, King's County, New York, 1850; Boston Transcript, 4 February 1931; Cook, "James Arlington Bennet," 247-49).

Bennett, John Cook (1804-1867), physician; born at Fairhaven, Bristol County, Massachusetts. Living in Ohio when he married Mary Barker, and later separated. Studied medicine and assisted in founding the medical college at Willoughby, 1834. Moved to Illinois, 1838, and practiced medicine. Appointed brigadier general in the Illinois Militia, 1839, and shortly after, quartermaster general of the state Moved to Nauvoo and joined the Latter-day Saints, 1840. Instrumental in obtaining the Nauvoo charter. Elected the town's first mayor, chancellor of the University, major-general of the Nauvoo Legion, and assistant president to Joseph Smith He was also appointed master in chancery for Hancock County, Illinois. Excommunicated for immorality in 1842, he published and lectured bitterly against the Church. Engaged in poultry raising in Massachusetts; developed the Plymouth Rock chicken. Moved to Iowa and practiced medicine until his death in Polk City. (Cook, Revelations, 253).

Bennett, James Gordon (1795-1872), newspaper editor; born at Newmill, Banffshire, Scotland. Emigrated to America in 1819. He was a correspondent with and editor of various New York newspapers until 1835, when he founded The New York Herald. He pioneered many of the methods of modern journalism, including the first financial article, the establishment of European correspondents, and the introduction of a society department. During the Civil War maintained a staff of sixty-three war correspondents. Throughout his newspaper career he published numerous articles about the Mormons. A resolution of the Nauvoo City Council expressed "lasting gratitude" to the "honorable editor" for his fair treatment of the Mormons. Bennett died in New York City. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., s.v. "Bennett, James Gordon;" Arrington, "James Gordon Bennett's 1831 Report," 353-64).

Bentley, Adamson (1785-1864), merchant and minister. Born in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. As a Baptist minister he settled in Warren, Ohio, in 1810 and in 1831 moved to Chagrin Falls. He traveled extensively in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky. He was among the first converts to the doctrine of Alexander Campbell. He was one of the original trustees of Bethany College (Hayden, Early History of the Disciples, 102-09).

Bernhisel, John M. (1799-1881), physician, political economist, Congressional delegate. Born at Lloysville, Perry County, Pennsylvania. Graduated from University of Pennsylvania in medicine. While practicing medicine in New York he joined the Latter-day Saints. Elected bishop in 1841. Moved to Nauvoo, 1843, where he resided in the Mansion House. Married Julia Ann Van Orden, 1845. Crossed the plains to Utah in 1847-48. Member of the Board of Regents of the University of Deseret, 1850-58. Between 1849 and 1863, he spent most of his time in Washington, D.C., representing Utah in Congress. After returning to Utah, he continued to practice medicine, and was vice president of ZCMI, a member of the Council of Fifty, and participated in the School of the Prophets and the United Order. He died in Salt Lake City (Barrett, "John M. Bernhisel," 144-67; Barrett, "John M. Bernhisel: Mormon Elder in Congress").

Bettisworth, David (1814-1866), born in Virginia. Settled in Chili, Hancock County, Illinois in 1833. Carthage, Illinois constable involved in the arrest Joseph Smith and others on charges growing out of the destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor, 1844 (History of the Church, 6:453-56, 561).

Bishop, Francis Gladden (1809-1878), watch repairer; born at Greece, Monroe County, New York. After joining the Latter-day Saints in July 1832, he was engaged in extensive missionary work from North Carolina to Canada, 1833-1840 and was president of the branch at Westfield, New York. Heretical tendencies and subsequent repentance resulted in excommunication and readmittance to the Church on three occasions. On 28 September 1835 he was charged with "advancing heretical doctrines . . . derogatory to the character of the Church." He was excommunicated in 1842 for purveying his own revelations as doctrine. Later formed a church of his own, which existed in Iowa until about 1860 (Kirtland Council Minutes, 28 September 1835; History of the Church, 2:284-85; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 5:335-36; Messenger and Advocate, 1:63-64, 167, 186; 2:335; 3:476, 519; Times and Seasons, 1:77-78; Saunders, "Francis Gladden Bishop").

Bissel, Benjamin B. (1805-1878), lawyer, judge; born at Hartwick, Otsego County, New York. Moved to Painesville, Geauga County, Ohio. Married Sarah Bright, 1829. He is one of a dozen attorneys listed in Geauga County tax records for the 1830s. Partner with Noah D. Matoon, a prominent Painesville lawyer. Defended Joseph Smith in July 1834 and helped him escape from a Painesville mob in 1837. While a state senator, 1839-40, he was instrumental in the creation of Lake County, Ohio. He was district or presiding judge, 1842-46, and was still sitting on the bench in 1857. He died in Painesville. (Pioneer and General History of Geauga County, 67-68; History of Geauga and Lake Counties, Ohio, 30; Steed, Soldiers and Widows of the American Revolution, 19-21).

Bogart, Samuel (1797-1861), farmer; born in Carter County, Tennessee. He fought in the Battle of New Orleans in 1815, and the Black Hawk War in 1832. Moved to Missouri, 1833 and Washington County, Texas, 1839. Commanded a company of Rangers in the Mier Expedition into Old Mexico in 1842-43. Settled in Collin County, Texas, 1845; represented the county in the state legislature, 1847, 1849, 1851, 1859. Died at Woodlawn, Collin County. Bogart was Captain of Ray County, Missouri volunteers ("minute men") under Hiram G. Parks's command during the conflict with the Mormons in 1838. He led the force that engaged David Patten's men at Crooked River on 25 October 1838, which resulted in Patten's death (Missouri, Document Containing the Correspondence, Orders, &c., 42, 108; History of the Church, 3:170-71; Hall and Hall, Collin County: Pioneering, 153; Wortham, A History of Texas, 4:92-101).

Boggs, Lilburn W. (1792-1860), born at Lexington, Kentucky. Served in the War of 1812. Moved to St. Louis, Missouri, about 1816 where he engaged in business. After death of first wife, married Panthea Boone, granddaughter of Daniel Boone. Elected lieutenant governor, 1832, and became governor upon the resignation of his predecessor, Daniel Dunklin. Played a prominent role in the expulsion of the Mormons from the state in 1838. Severely wounded by an assassin in 1842 and accused Joseph Smith of complicity in the crime. Moved to California in 1846, where he became alcalde of the Sonoma district, 1847-49. He died at Napa City (National Cyclopaedia, 12:303; Boggs, "A Short Biographical Sketch of Lilburn W. Boggs,106-10; Cook, ed. "ÔA More Virtuous Man Never Existed," 405).

Bond, Ira (1798-1887), farmer; born at Caldwell, Essex County, New Jersey. Married Charlotte Wilcox. After moving to Mendon, New York, he was among the first Mormon converts there in 1832. Called to preside over the deacons in Kirtland, 1836. Owned 178 acres and a dwelling house valued at $465 at Kirtland in 1836. Remained in Kirtland after Mormons left, and died there ("Journal History," 14 April 1832; History of the Church, 2:371; Geauga County, Ohio, Tax Records; A. E. Sherman, comp., Cemetery Inscriptions, Lake County, Ohio, 22, Typescript, LDS Church Family History Library).

Bosley, Edmund (1776-1846), born in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania. Residing in Livonia, Livingston County, New York, 1822-1830. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1833. Living in Missouri by 1838. Migrated with the Latter-day Saints to Illinois in 1839. Died at Winter Quarters, Nebraska, during the Mormon exodus to Utah (Doty, A History of Livingston County, 610-11; Cook and Backman, Kirtland Elders Quorum Records, 73).

Bosworth, Joseph (1790-1850), farmer; born at Scituate, Providence County, Rhode Island. Married Lucina Hopkins, 1815. Living in Otsego County, New York, by 1816 and Copley, Summit County, Ohio, by 1818. Joined the Latter-day Saints by 1834. Died at Copley, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Copley, Summit County, Ohio, 1850; Clarke, Bosworth Genealogy, 876-77).

Boynton, John Farnham (1811-1890), merchant, lecturer, scientist, inventor; born at Bradford (now Groveland), Essex County, Massachusetts. Converted to Mormonism in 1832. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-1837. Married Susan Lowell, 1836. Established a mercantile business in Kirtland, Ohio, with Lyman Johnson. Left the Church in 1837. Settled in Syracuse, New York. Lecturer on natural history, geology, and science. Delivered more than four thousand lectures. Sent by U.S. government to California in 1849. Assisted in running boundary line between United States and Mexico. Developed the torpedo that destroyed the Confederate ram Albemarle during U.S. Civil War. Author of 36 patents. Avid collector of Boynton genealogy. Died at Syracuse, New York (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:91; National Cyclopedia, 4: 91-92; John F. Boynton and Caroline H. Boynton, The Boynton Family [n.p.: Caroline H. Boynton, 1897], xix xxxv).

Brewer, John (1790-1854), farmer; born in North Carolina. One of the original settlers of Fountain Green, Hancock County, Illinois in 1827. Military officer who had lost his left hand. Served in Black Hawk War. As a skilled horseman and swordsman, taught sword exercise to Joseph Smith and others of the Nauvoo Legion as early as 1842, and to the Warsaw militia after the Prophet's death in 1844. Died at Hancock County (History of Hancock County, 85, 301; U.S. Census, Hancock County, Illinois, 1850; Hancock County, Will Book, No. 1; Gregg, History of Hancock County, 820; Howard, Memoirs, 25; Jessee, ed. Papers of Joseph Smith, 2:401; Warsaw Signal, 10, 17 July 1844; History of the Church, 5: 84; 6: 525, 576, 605).

Brown, Albert (1807-1902), carpenter; born at Windsor, Hartford County, Connecticut. Living in Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York, in 1830. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Sarah Campbell, 1839. Member of the Nauvoo Legion. Migrated to Utah in 1863. He was a patriarch at time of his death at East Mill Creek, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Rensselaer County, New York, 1830; Deseret Evening News, 29 January 1902; Esshom, Pioneers, 772).

Brown, Eliza (1808-?), was born in Chenango County, New York. She married William C. Perry, 1835. Resided among the Latter-day Saints with her family in Missouri and Illinois (Patriarchal Blessing Index and "Nauvoo Temple Endowment Register").

Browning, Orville Hickman (1810-1881), lawyer; born in Harrison County, Kentucky. Moved to Quincy, Illinois and admitted to the bar, 1831. Served in the Black Hawk War, 1832. Member of the Illinois legislature, 1836-43. His defense of Joseph Smith won the Prophet his freedom in an 1841 extradition hearing before Judge Stephen A. Douglas. Chief defense counsel at the trial of those indicted for the murder of Joseph Smith, 1845. Aided in the organization of the Republican party in 1856. Appointed to fill Stephen A. Douglas's unexpired term in the U.S. Senate, 1861-63. Appointed Secretary of Interior in 1866 and for a time served as Attorney General. Practiced law in Quincy, where he died (Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia, 63; Oaks and Hill, Carthage Conspiracy, 81-82; History of the Church, 4:3 65-71).

Brunson, Seymour (1798-1840), born at Plattsburgh, Clinton County, New York. Veteran of War of 1812. Married Harriet Gould, 1820. Joined Latter-day Saints in Ohio in 1831. He was a temporary member of the high council at Far West, Missouri, in 1838, and appointed to the Nauvoo, Illinois high council the following year. He was a captain in the 53rd regiment of Missouri militia, and colonel in the Hancock County, Illinois militia. Died at Nauvoo (Cook, Revelations, 153; Family Group Records Collection).

Buell, Presendia Huntington (1810-1892), born in Watertown, Jefferson County, New York. Married Norman Buell in 1827, was baptized in Kirtland in 1836, and shortly thereafter moved with her husband to Clay County, Missouri, where she was living at the time of Joseph Smith's incarceration at Liberty. After her husband left the Church she was sealed to Joseph Smith, and after his death, married Heber C. Kimball. Served as a midwife in pioneer Utah. Died in Salt Lake City (Tullidge, Women of Mormondom, 205; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 10 391-92).

Bump, Jacob (1791-186?), born at Butternuts, Otsego County, New York, where he lived until 1824. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Abigail Pettingill. Contracted to do the plastering on the temple at Kirtland, Ohio. Joined dissenters in Kirtland to depose Joseph Smith in 1837. Used his influence with Kirtland dissenters to prevent mob violence against Mormons leaving Kirtland in 1838. He was associated with William E. McLellin and Church of Christ in Kirtland in 1847 and was still living there in 1860 (The Deseret Weekly (Salt Lake City), 10 February 1858; Black, Membership, 7:534-36; "Journal History," 6 July 1838).

Burch, Thomas C. (c1805-1839), lawyer; born in Tennessee. His family moved to Howard County, Missouri when he was a child. Studied law at Jefferson City. In 1831 he began his practice at Richmond, Ray County. Married Celinary Jacobs, 1834. Appointed Judge of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit, 1838. Died at Keytesville, Chariton County, Missouri (Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, 487-88; Ray County, Missouri, Probate Records, 1839, LDS Family History Library).

Burdick, Thomas (1795-1877), farmer; born at Canajoharie, Montgomery County, New York. Married Anna Higley, 1828. Appointed Church clerk to record membership licenses, February 1836. Kirtland school teacher, justice of the peace, and member of the Kirtland high council, 1837. Teaching school at Burlington, Iowa, 1845. Moved to Council Bluffs the following year, where he was clerk and the first judge of Pottawattamie County; also postmaster at Kanesville. Crossed the plains in 1853 to San Bernardino. Moved to San Gabriel. Member of the board of supervisors of Los Angeles County. Died in Los Angeles. His son, Cyrus, was a co-founder of the city of Pomona (An Illustrated History of Los Angeles County California, 402; Guinn, Historical and Biographical Record, 370; Johnson, The Descendants of Robert Burdick, 132-34, 328-30; History of the Church, 2:400, 522; Black, Membership, 5:650-51; U.S. Census: Pottowattamie County, Iowa, 1850).

Burtch, Esther (1816-1896), daughter of Stephen and Margaret Belingar Burtch, born in Mt. Pleasant, Brant County, Ontario, Canada (History of Brant County, 556; Mt. Pleasant cemetery record).

Burtch, Margaret (1767-?), born at Balltown, Chautauqua County, New York. Married Stephen Burtch in 1807 in vicinity of Niagara, Canada. Moved with her husband to Mt. Pleasant, Brant County, Ontario in 1813. Parents of nine children, including Mary and Esther Burtch (History of Brant County, 556).

Burtch, Mary, daughter of Stephen and Margaret Belingar Burtch, born in Mt. Pleasant, Brant County, Ontario, Canada (History of Brant County, 556).

Bushnell, Nehemiah (1813-1874) lawyer. Born at Westbrook, Connecticut. Graduated from Yale College in 1835. Admitted to the bar in 1837. Moved to Quincy, Illinois, that same year where he formed a life-long partnership with Orville H. Browning. Elected a representative from Adams County to the Illinois General Assembly in 1872 It was said of him, "His talent, his learning, his sense of justice, would have made him conspicuous and eminent on the bench of the Supreme Court of the United States" (Wilcox, Quincy and Adams County, 159-60; Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois, 69).

C

Cahoon, Larona (1817-1840), born at Harpersfield, Ashtabula County, Ohio. Eldest daughter of Reynolds Cahoon (Family Group Records Collection).

Cahoon, Reynolds (1790-1862), farmer, tanner, builder. Born at Cambridge, Washington County, New York. Participant in the War of 1812. Married Thirza Stiles, 1810. Among the first converts to Mormonism in Ohio in 1830. Appointed counselor to Bishop Newel K. Whitney at Kirtland, Ohio, 10 February 1832. Member of the committee to oversee building of the Kirtland Temple, and later, the Nauvoo Temple. Moved to Iowa after the 1838 expulsion of the Latter-day Saints from Missouri. Crossed plains to Utah, 1848. Died in South Cottonwood Ward, Salt Lake County (Cook, Revelations, 73; Shurtleff and Cahoon, Reynolds Cahoon; U.S. Census: Salt Lake County, Utah, 1850, 1860; Family Group Records Collection).

Cahoon, William F. (1813-1893), shoemaker, carpenter, joiner; eldest son of Reynolds Cahoon. Born at Harpersfield, Ashtabula County, Ohio. Baptized at Kirtland, Ohio in 1830. Proselyting in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, 1833. Participant in Zion's Camp march, 1834. Member of First Quorum of Seventy, 1835. Married Nancy Miranda Gibbs, 1836. Carpenter on Nauvoo temple, 1844. Migrated to Utah, 1849. President of Second Quorum of Seventy. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4: 687-88; Shurtleff and Cahoon, Reynolds Cahoon, 79ff; Deseret Evening News, 7 April 1893).

Campbell, Alexander (1788-1866), clergyman, writer; born at Shaw's Castle, County Antrim, Ireland. Trained for the ministry by his father, a Presbyterian minister, and further educated at Glasgow University. Joined his father in America and settled in western Pennsylvania, 1809. In 1810 the Campbells formed an independent society based on Baptist views and usages. But they believed baptism necessary for the remission of sins. They repudiated human creeds and proposed to unite all believers in one church with the Bible as their standard. In 1832 his followers joined Kentucky "Christians" to form the Disciples of Christ. Founded Bethany College, 1840. For forty years, 1823-63, edited a religious magazine, first named The Christian Baptist, then in 1830, The Millennial Harbinger. Preached extensively in the United States and Britain. Died at Bethany, Brooke County, West Virginia. Followers of Campbell under the leadership of Sidney Rigdon were the first converts to Mormonism in Ohio in 1831 (Hayden, Early History of the Disciples, 45-53; Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 3:446-48; Encyclopedia Brittanica Micropaedia, 15th ed., s.v. "Alexander Campbell;" Cochran, Alexander Campbell).

Capron, Henry (1798-1875), farmer; born in New York. Spent most of his life at Ava, Oneida County, New York. Married Betsey Kent. Veteran of the War of 1812. He was supervisor and justice of the town for many years (Wager, Our County and its People, 109, 394; U.S. Census: Oneida County, New York, 1830-1850).

Carlin, Thomas (1789-1852), governor of Illinois; born in Fayette County, Kentucky. Moved to Illinois in 1811. Served as a private in the War of 1812 and as a captain in the Black Hawk War. Settled in Greene County in 1818, where he became the first sheriff, and was twice elected a state senator. He was registrar of the land office at Quincy, Illinois when elected governor on the democratic ticket in 1838. He died at his home in Carrollton, Greene County (Bateman and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia, 79).

Carrico, Thomas (1802-1882), born at Beverly, Essex County, Massachusetts. Baptized in 1834 by John F. Boynton. Settled at Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. Married Elizabeth Baker, 1836. Appointed doorkeeper of the Kirtland Temple. Traveled to Missouri with the Kirtland Camp, 1838. Settled at Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1842, where he was appointed counselor to Bishop Jonathan H. Hale, and was a 2nd lieutenant in the Nauvoo Legion. He later joined the Reorganized Church. Died at Logan, Harrison County, Iowa (Nauvoo Ninth Ward High Priests Record, 12; Wilcox, Roots of the Reorganized Latter Day Saints in Southern Iowa, 136).

Carter, Angeline (1823-1846), born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Daughter of John S. Carter and Elizabeth Kenyon. Died during the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa (Family Group Records Collection; Nauvoo Restoration Index).

Carter, Daniel (1803-1887), farmer; born in Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Married Clarissa A. Foster, 1829. Converted to Mormonism in 1833. In 1838 he was living in Missouri and was appointed to the Adam-ondi-Ahman high council in Daviess County. After arriving in Utah in 1850 he settled at Bountiful, Davis County, Utah. Appointed selectman of the county; also associate probate judge (Black, Membership,. 8:760-63; History of the Church 3:38).

Carter, Jared (1801-1849), shoemaker, cordwainer; born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Married Lydia Ames, 1825. Joined the Church and was ordained an elder, 1831. Proselyting in eastern states, New York, and Michigan, 1831-33. Appointed to the Kirtland high council, 1837; and Far West, Missouri, high council, 1838. Member of the committee to oversee construction of the Kirtland Temple. Became disaffected and was disfellowshipped at Nauvoo, but promised to return. Died in DeKalb County, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 73-74; History of the Church, 2:277-80, 333; Kirtland High Council Minutes, 19 September 1835; Illinois Mortality Schedule, 1850).

Carter, Joanna (1824-1847), born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Living in the Joseph Smith home for a time in Missouri and Illinois. Witnessed depredations against Joseph Smith and others in Missouri. Married Lauren Hotchkiss Roundy in Nauvoo, Illinois, 1842. Died at Winter Quarters, Nebraska (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church 3:286-88; Black, Membership, 9:1-3).

Carter, Marietta (1820-1840), born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Married Jonathan Harriman Holmes at Kirtland, Ohio, 1837. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Family Group Records Collection; Black, Membership, 9:33-34).

Carter, Nancy (1827-?), born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Living in the Nauvoo 4th ward in the 1840s (Family Group Records Collection; Black, Membership 9:49).

Carter, Simeon (1794-1869), farmer; born at Killingworth, Middlesex County, Connecticut. Married Lydia Kenyon, 1818. Converted to Mormonism in Ohio in 1831. Member of the Clay County, Missouri high council, 1834, and Far West, Missouri high council, 1836. Missionary to England, 1846-49. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1850. Settled at Brigham City, Box Elder County, Utah, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 74-75; U.S. Census: Box Elder County, Utah, 1860; Esshom, Pioneers, 796-97).

Chan, Elizabeth

Chapman, Delmore (1804-?), born at Ellington, Tolland County, Connecticut.

Clapp, Matthew (1808-1872), minister; born in Mentor, Lake County, Ohio. Son of Orris Clapp. Joined the Campbellites in 1828. Married Alicia Campbell, sister of Alexander Campbell, 1830. Studied Hebrew from Joshua Seixas in New York. Ministry took him to New York and Michigan. Died at Detroit (Hayden, Early History of the Disciples, 197-203).

Clapp, Orris (1770-1847), lawyer and judge. Prominent citizen of Mentor, Lake County, Ohio, where he was living at the time of his death. Sidney Rigdon went to his home the morning after he first met Mormon missionaries but he was not influenced by Rigdon (Shaw, Buckeye Disciples, 80-81).

Clark, John B. (1802-1885), lawyer, born in Madison County, Kentucky. Moved to Howard County, Missouri in 1818. Appointed clerk of the county court in 1823, colonel of militia in 1825, and major-general in 1836. Fought in the Black Hawk War. In 1849 Clark was elected to the state legislature and, beginning in 1854, served three terms in the US Congress. He was a Confederate brigadier general during the Civil War. Practiced law until his death at Fayette, Missouri. Clark was given supreme command of the militia forces operating against the Mormons in Missouri in the summer of 1838, and was the recipient on 27 October of Governor Boggs's extermination order. Although Clark did not arrive at Far West, Caldwell County until after the Mormon defenders had surrendered to General Lucas, he presided over the dismantling of the community (History of Howard and Chariton Counties, Missouri, 252-53; Shoemaker, Missouri and Missourians, 1:413, 641, 647-48, 824-25, 830, 917; The Bench and Bar of St. Louis, Kansas City, Jefferson City, and Other Missouri Cities, 310-11).

Clark, Josiah (c1796-?), farmer, born in New Jersey. He represented the Cincinnati Branch of the LDS Church at an Ohio conference in 1841. Residing in Campbell County, Kentucky with his wife and six children in 1850 (U.S. Census, Campbell County, Kentucky, 1840, 1850; Times and Seasons, 3:590).

Clayton, William (1814-1879), born at Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Married Ruth Moon, 1836. Among the first Mormon converts in England after missionaries arrived in 1837. A year later he became second counselor in the British Mission presidency. Emigrated to America in 1840 and by 1842 was settled in Nauvoo, Illinois. Between 1841 and 1844, served as clerk of the Iowa high council, clerk and recorder of the Nauvoo Temple, and treasurer of the city of Nauvoo. He worked closely with the Prophet as deputy registrar of deeds, land agent, and secretary. One of the official clerks of the pioneer company during the Mormon exodus from Illinois. In Utah he was treasurer of ZCMI, territorial recorder, auditor of public accounts, and recorder of marks and brands. He died at Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:717-18; James B. Allen, Trials of Discipleship).

Cleminson, John, did clerical work for the Church in Missouri; also served as clerk of the Caldwell County circuit court. Sided with dissenters and testified against Joseph Smith at the Richmond hearing in November 1838. Living in Montrose, Iowa in 1842, he wrote the Prophet in an attempt to gain reconciliation: "My Character has been torn to pieces and I represented as one of the worst of men. Some of this harsh treatment I have deserved, some I have not" (History of the Church, 3:5, 210; John Cleminson to Joseph Smith, May 1842, Ms., LDS Church Archives).

Cobb, Polly Harris (1794-?) was the youngest of ten children born to Rufus and Lucy Harris. Her sister Lucy, two years older, married Martin Harris. Polly married Freeman Cobb in 1812 at Palmyra, New York (Family Group Records Collection).

Coe, Joseph (1774-1854), born at Genoa, Cayuga County, New York. Living in Essex County, New Jersey, in 1830. Proselyting in New York, 1831. Appointed agent to purchase church property, 1833. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1834-37. Assisted in purchase of Egyptian mummies for the Church in 1835. Left the Church in 1838. Remained in Kirtland, Ohio, where he died. (Cook, Revelations, 86-87; Kirtland, Ohio, cemetery records, 26).

Coltrin, Zebedee (1804-1887), born at Ovid, Seneca County, New York. Converted to Mormonism, 1831. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Julia Ann Jennings. Appointed one of the presidents of the Seventy, 1835. Settled in Nauvoo, Illinois, 1839, but soon after moved to Kirtland, Ohio. Appointed second counselor to Almon Babbitt in the Kirtland stake, 1841. Crossed the plains with the Mormon pioneer company, 1847. Settled in Spanish Fork, Utah County, 1852; ordained a patriarch, 1873. Died in Spanish Fork (Cook, Revelations, 75-76).

Cook, Phebe Andrews (1766-1850), married Daniel Cook, 1787. Died at Mt. Pleasant, Brant, Ontario, Canada (History of Brant County, 560; International Genealogical Index; Mt. Pleasant cemetery records).

Copley, Leman (1781-1862), born in Connecticut. Joined the Latter-day Saints in 1831. Owned 759 acres of land at Thompson, Ohio. When the New York saints moved to Ohio in 1831 he allowed them to settle on his land, but afterward rescinded his agreement. He testified against Joseph Smith at the 1834 Philastus Hurlbut trial and was later disfellowshipped. Reinstated in 1836, but remained in Ohio. Died at Thompson, Ohio (Geauga County, Ohio, Tax Records; Cook, Revelations, 67; Warren and Grosvenor, "Inscriptions and Interments in Geauga County, Ohio," 591).

Corrill, John (1794-?), carriage builder; born at Barre, Worcester County, Massachusetts. Living in Harpersville, Ashtabula County, Ohio, when converted to Mormonism in 1830. Moved to Jackson County, Missouri, 1831. Second counselor to Bishop Edward Partridge; presided over a branch of the Church at Independence. A Kirtland, Ohio, blessing stated that "there are none that surpass him in understanding pertaining to architecture" and that he would "build the house of the Lord in Zion." Directed later stages of construction of the Kirtland Temple. Elected state representative from Caldwell County, Missouri, 1838. Appointed Church historian in 1838, but soon afterward left the Church. Published, A Brief History of the Church of Christ, 1839. Residing at Quincy, Illinois, 1840 (Cook, Revelations, 68-69; Patriarchal Blessings, Book, 1).

Covey, Almira Mack Scobey (1805-1886), born at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont. Cousin of Joseph Smith. Converted to Mormonism in 1830. Married William Scobey in 1831. After Scobey's death in 1833, Almira lived for a time with a Curtis family in Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, before she married Benjamin Covey in Kirtland, Ohio, in 1836. Crossed the plains to Salt Lake Valley in 1848. Died in Salt Lake City (Family Group Records Collection; An Enduring Legacy, 3:123-24; Sprague, "The Progenitors and Descendants of Col. Steven Mack").

Cowdery, Oliver (1806-1850), teacher, lawyer, newspaper editor; born at Wells, Rutland County, Vermont. He assisted Joseph Smith as a scribe during translation of the Book of Mormon, and other clerical work. Witness to early events connected with the foundation of Mormonism. One of the Three Witnesses to the Book of Mormon and a participant in the priesthood restoration. Married Elizabeth Ann Whitmer, 1832. Member of the Kirtland high council. Appointed assistant president of the Church in 1834. He left the Church in 1838, but returned ten years later. Practiced law in Ohio and Wisconsin. Died at Richmond, Ray County, Missouri (Cook, Revelations, 14; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:246-51; Richard L. Anderson, Investigating the Book of Mormon Witnesses, 37-65).

Cowdery, Warren A. (1788-1851), physician, druggist, farmer; born at Poultney, Rutland County, Vermont. Older brother of Oliver Cowdery. Married Patience Simonds, 1814. Practiced medicine in Vermont and Freedom, New York. Moved to Freedom in 1815; became postmaster, 1824. Converted to Mormonism, 1831. Appointed presiding elder of the Church at Freedom, 1834. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1836 and was involved in managing the book bindery and printing office. Also editor of the Messenger and Advocate and clerk to Joseph Smith. Became disaffected and left the Church in 1838. Farming at Kirtland in 1850, where he died (Carl C. Curtis, Cowdery Genealogy, Typescript, LDS Family History Library; Cook, Revelations, 214-15).

Crosby, Jonathan (1807-1892), cabinetmaker; born at Wendell, Franklin County, Massachusetts. Converted to Mormonism, 1833. Married Caroline Barnes, 1834. He was a member of the Second Quorum of the Seventy in Kirtland, Ohio, and later became president of the 12th quorum in Nauvoo. Proselyting in eastern United States, 1838. Resided in Indiana, 1838-42, before moving to Nauvoo. Proselyting in northern states and Canada, 1842-43. Worked on Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. Migrated to Utah in 1848. Proselyting mission to the South Pacific, 1850-52. Died at Beaver, Beaver County, Utah (Jonathan Crosby Autobiography; Family Group Records Collection).

Crosier, Harlow (? 1894), married Mary S. Fowler in 1839 in Lake County, Ohio. Died in Du Page County, Illinois (Lake County, Ohio, Marriage Record, 59, LDS Family History Library; Du Page County, Illinois, Probate Records, 1894).

Cushman, Nathan (1783-?), innkeeper; born in Vermont. Married Polly Weeks in Bennington, Vermont, 1802. Living at Willoughby, Lake County, Ohio, 1840-1858 (U.S. Census: Willoughby, Lake County, Ohio, 1840, 1850; International Genealogical Index; Lake County Court Journal, 1858).

D

Davis, Marvel Chapin (1801-1877), physician; born at Wardsboro, Windham County, Vermont. Married Rebecca Jane Sloan, 1823. Died at Seville, Medina County, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection; US Census: Medina County, Ohio, 1850).

Dayton, Hiram (1798-1881), farmer; born at Herkimer, Herkimer County, New York. Married Permelia Bundy, 1820. Living in Parkman, Geauga County, Ohio, in 1830. Joined Latter-day Saints, 1832; moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1834; Far West, Missouri, 1838, and Nauvoo, Illinois, 1839. President of 12th quorum of elders at Nauvoo. Crossed plains to Salt Lake Valley, 1849. Settled at Cedar Fort. Died at American Fork, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; Black, Membership, 13: 642-648; Dayton and Dayton, "Record of the Posterity of Hiram Dayton and Permelia Bundy Dayton," 9-17).

Denton, Solomon Wilbur (1814-?), born at Fitchville, Huron County, Ohio. Participated in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Fanny M. Stanley in 1835. Proselyting with Don Carlos Smith in New York, 1836. He was employed in the Kirtland printing office until he left the Church in 1837 (International Genealogical Index; Robinson, "Items of Personal History," 1 [August 1889]; Backman, Profile, 21).

Derby, Erastus H. (1810-1890), tailor; born at Hawley, Franklin County, Massachusetts. Married Ruhamah B. Knowlton in Ohio, 1834. Residing in Hancock County, Illinois, when converted to Mormonism in 1840. Member of the Nauvoo Legion. Assisted Joseph Smith in hiding in 1842. In August 1843, Derby was bound over to keep the peace for six months before the Nauvoo mayor's court, at which time he gave up his license as an elder in the Church. Living in Pottawattamie County, Iowa, in 1850. The birthplace of subsequent children indicates residence in Cook County, Illinois, and Williams County, Ohio between 1850 and 1860. Moved to Le Sueur, Le Sueur County, Minnesota, in 1871, where he died (History of the Church, 5:556; Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Pottawattamie County, Iowa, 1850; Knowlton, The Utah Knowltons, 15-21).

Doniphan, Alexander William (1808-1887), born in Mason County, Kentucky. Graduate of Augusta College. Opened a law office in Lexington, Missouri, 1830. Moved to Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, 1833, where he became a prominent lawyer. Elected to the state legislature, 1836, 1840, 1854. Employed as a legal counsel by the Latter-day Saints in Missouri beginning in 1833. During the Mormon difficulties of 1838, he commanded the first brigade of David Atchison's third division of Missouri militia. Later that year, he refused to carry out an execution order against Church leaders. He fought in the Mexican War, and later refused a general's commission in both the Union and Confederate armies during the Civil War. He died at Richmond, Missouri (Roller and Twyman, The Encyclopedia of Southern History, 367; History of the Church, 1:425; 3: 190-91; Maynard, "Alexander Doniphan," 462-72; also Maynard, "Alexander William Doniphan, The Forgotten Man from Missouri."; DuChateau, "Missouri Colossus.")

Dort, David (1793-1841), miller; born at Surry, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Moved to Michigan about 1822. Married Joseph Smith's cousin, Mary, and later her sister Fanny, daughters of Joseph's maternal uncle and aunt, Stephen and Temperance Mack. Converted to Mormonism by Lucy Mack Smith, 1831. Participant in march of Zion's Camp from Michigan, 1834. Member of Kirtland high council, 1837; Far West high council, 1838; and Nauvoo high council, 1839. Left Church and joined Methodists. Died in Nauvoo, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 256; Cumming, The Pilgrimage of Temperance Mack, 5, 7, 48-49).

Draper, Zemira (1812-1876), farmer, miller; born at Crambe, Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada. Baptized in 1834. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. Married Ellen Bradshaw, 1838. With the Church in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois. Migrated to Utah in 1848; settled in the Salt Lake City tenth ward. Moved to Willow Creek, later renamed Draper, Utah, in 1850. Appointed 1st counselor in bishopric. Sent to colonize Rockville, Washington County, Utah in 1862, where he died after serving as bishop's counselor and justice of the peace (Family Group Records Collection; Draper, The Mormon Drapers, 295-305; Esshom, Pioneers, 848).

Dunham, Jonathan (1800-1845), born at Paris, Oneida County, New York. Living in Allegany County, New York, in 1830. Proselyting in New York in 1836, and among the Indians there in 1837. Accompanied Kirtland Camp to Missouri, 1838. Expedition among the Indians in Iowa and Missouri in the summer of 1843. Appointed captain of the Nauvoo police, 1843. Named superintendent for construction of Nauvoo Legion arsenal, 1843. Wharf-master at Nauvoo, 1844. Colonel in the Nauvoo Legion; appointed acting major general in June 1844. Among those arrested for destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor, 1844. He died while engaged on a mission to the Indians (International Genealogical Index; U.S. Census: Rushford, Allegany County, New York, 1830; History of the Church, 3:92; 5:348, 509, 541ff; 6:149, 229, 847; 7:401, 437; Jonathan Dunham Diary, 1837-46, MS, LDS Church Archives).

Dunklin, Daniel (1790-1844), farmer, lawyer; born in Greenville, South Carolina. Lived for a time in Kentucky before moving to Missouri. Settled at Potosi, Washington County, in 1810. Elected to the state legislature in 1822, and lieutenant governor in 1828. Served as governor of Missouri from 1832-36. Due to his interest in education he became known as the father of Missouri's school system. In 1836 appointed surveyor general of Missouri and Illinois. In 1840 bought a large farm at Herculaneum, Jefferson County, Missouri, where he was living when he died (Sobel and Raimo, Biographical Directory of the Governors, 2:840).

Dunn, James A. (1824-1904), born in South Carolina. Tavern keeper at Augusta, Hancock County, Illinois, and officer in the Hancock County militia. When Joseph Smith was en route to Carthage to comply with his arrest in the Nauvoo Expositor case on 24 June 1844, he met Dunn and a company of men with an order for the state arms in possession of the Nauvoo Legion. Whereupon Joseph returned with him to Nauvoo. Later that night Dunn's company accompanied Smith and others on what proved to be the Prophet's last trip to Carthage. Died at Pana, Christian County, Illinois (History of the Church, 7:144; Ancestral File).

E

Eaton, Frazier (1780-?), sexton; born in New Hampshire. Living in Alleghany County, New York, both before and after his association with the Latter-day Saints. He evidently lived for a time in Kirtland, Ohio, in the 1830s, and in Hancock County, Illinois, in 1840, but by 1850 was back in Rushford. According to George A. Smith, Eaton had donated $700 for the building of the Kirtland Temple, but when he was unable to attend the dedication, after arriving late, he left the Church (US Census: Alleghany County, New York, 1820-1850; New York State Census: Alleghany County, 1855; George A. Smith Discourse, 15 November 1864, in Journal of Discourses, 11:9).

Emmett, James (1803-1852/3), born in Boone County, Kentucky. Joined the Church in Illinois in 1832. Moved to Clay County, Missouri, 1836. Proselyting in states between Ohio and Missouri, 1835-37. Disfellowshipped and reinstated, 1837. Appointed to Iowa high council, 1841. Policeman at Nauvoo, 1843. Named to western exploring expedition by Joseph Smith in February 1844. After the death of the Prophet, Emmett led a company west that eventually stopped in what became South Dakota. Most of the company later reunited with the Church. Emmett went to California in 1849, where he died (Family Group Record Collection; History of the Church, 4:352; 6:149; 7:135; Morgan, "Reminiscences of James Holt," 1-33, 151-79; Jones, "An Early Mormon Settlement in South Dakota," 119-31).

F

Felshaw, William (1800-1867), contractor and builder; born at Granville, Washington County, New York. Married Mary Gilbert, 1826. Converted to Mormonism in Boston by Orson Hyde and Samuel H. Smith in 1832. Lived at Hoosick, Rensselaer County, New York, before moving to Kirtland, Ohio, about 1833. Carpenter on Kirtland, Nauvoo, and Salt Lake temples. Migrated to Utah in 1851. Member of Utah territorial legislature, 1854. Traveled to Wyoming to assist in relief of stranded handcart companies in 1856. Died at Fillmore, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 7:326; Esshom, Pioneers, 868).

Fielding, Joseph (1797-1863), farmer; born in Bedfordshire, England. Emigrated to Ontario, Canada, 1832. Converted to Mormonism by Parley P. Pratt, 1836. Married Hannah Greenwood, 1838. Mission to England, 1837; presided over the British mission, 1838-40. Returned to Nauvoo, Illinois, 1841. Left Nauvoo in 1846 and arrived in Utah, 1848. Died in Salt Lake City (Joseph Fielding Diary, 1832-1859, MS, LDS Church Archives; Black, Membership, 16:227-33; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:762-63).

Follett, King (1788-1844), born at Winchester, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Married Louisa Tanner prior to 1816. Living in Cayahoga County, Ohio, when he joined the Latter-day Saints in 1831. Member of Second Quorum of Seventy. During the difficulties in Missouri in 1838, Follett was imprisoned in Richmond and Columbia. He was a Hancock County, Illinois, constable. Killed digging a well at Nauvoo. His funeral sermon became the occasion for the Joseph Smith "King Follett discourse" (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 3:335, 401-02; 6:248-49, 302-17; Jenson, The Historical Record, 5:31).

Ford, Thomas (1800-1850), lawyer; born at Uniontown, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. Taken by his mother, a widow, to Missouri in 1804, then to Monroe County, Illinois. Judge of the circuit court in northern Illinois, 1835-37, and for the Galena district, 1839. Elevated to the bench of the state supreme court in 1841, but the following year resigned to accept the Democratic nomination for governor. Served as Illinois governor, 1842-46. Wrote History of Illinois from its Commencement as a State in 1818 to 1847, published in 1854. He died in Peoria (Bateman, and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia, 168).

Fordham, Elijah (1798-1879), lumber dealer, carpenter; born in New York City. Married Jane Ann Fisher, 1822. Living in Pontiac, Michigan, 1831-33. Participant in march of Zion's Camp in 1834. As the only Church member in New York City in 1837, he assisted the missionaries en route to Great Britain. Miraculously healed by Joseph Smith, 1839. Appointed to Iowa high council, 1839. Migrated to Utah in 1850. Died at Wellsville, Cache County, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 2:183, 494; 4:14; Black, Membership, 10:736-42).

Foster, Lucien R. (1806-?), clerk, accountant, bookkeeper, photographer; born at New Marlborough, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Elected president of the branch at New York City, 1841. Proprietor of a daguerreotype shop in Nauvoo. Excommunicated from the Church in New York for apostasy in 1846. Living in Brooklyn, New York, 1870 (History of the Church 4:344; Journal History, 13 September 1846; Nauvoo Temple Endowment Register; U.S. Census: Brooklyn, King's County, New York, 1870).

Foster, Robert D. (1811-1878), physician; born at Braunston, Northampton, England. Converted to Mormonism, 1839. Accompanied Joseph Smith to Washington, D.C. on Missouri redress issue, 1839-40. He served as a regent of the University of Nauvoo, member of the Nauvoo Agricultural and Manufacturing Association, county magistrate of Hancock County, Illinois, and surgeon-in-chief and brevet brigadier general of the Nauvoo Legion. He joined dissidents against Joseph Smith, and was excommunicated in 1844. He assisted in publication of the Nauvoo Expositor. Practicing medicine at Canandaigua, Ontario County, New York, by 1850 and later at Loda, Iroquois County, Illinois, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 257; Iroquois County, Illinois, Register of Deaths, 1878).

Foster, Solon (1811-1896), farmer; born at Danby, Tompkins County, New York. Joined the Latter-day Saints, 1833. Went to Missouri with Zion's Camp, 1834. Called to First Quorum of Seventy, 1837. Married Sarah Downing in Nauvoo, 1841. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1850. Called to help colonize St. George, Utah, 1861. Died at Salt Lake City (Black, Membership, 10:917-18).

Fuller, Elijah (1811-1897), freighter, stockman, farmer, merchant; born at Windham, Greene County, New York. Married Harriet Loomis, 1831. Joined the Latter-day Saints in 1842. Called to go to Las Vegas in 1856. Living in Salt Lake City, Utah, 1850, 1860; Harrisburg, Washington County, Utah, 1863-69, 1884. Died at Leeds, Washington County, Utah (Black, Membership , 17: 411-19).

Fullmer, John Solomon (1807-1883), farmer; born at Huntington, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. Married Mary Ann Price, 1837. Converted to Mormonism in 1839. Living in Nauvoo, Illinois, 1839-47. During the exodus of the Mormons from Nauvoo he was one of the trustees appointed to handle Church business and dispose of property for the saints. Crossed the plains to Utah in 1848. Settled in Davis County. Missionary to England, 1852. Resided at Salt Lake City, Provo, Spanish Fork, and Springville, Utah. Died at Springville (Family Group Records Collection; Black, Membership, 17:515-22).

G

Galland, Isaac (1791-1858), merchant, land speculator, doctor; born in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. Married Nancy Harris, 1811. Lived in Ohio and Indiana before moving to Lee County, Iowa, in 1829. Founded the town of Nashville and platted Keokuk. Fought in the Black Hawk War, 1832. Purchased land in the Half-breed Tract in Lee County and sold some 20,000 acres of it to the Latter-day Saints in 1839. Converted and baptized in 1839. Traveled east with Hyrum Smith to collect money for building the Nauvoo House and Temple, 1841. Withdrew from the Church in 1842. Resided in Keokuk, Iowa, 1842-53; Petaluma, California, 1853-56; and returned to Fort Madison, Iowa, in 1856, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 258-59; Cook, "Isaac Galland").

Garrett, Henry (1814-?), born at Deerfield, Oneida County, New York.

Gates, Mary (1781-1864), born in the United States and moved to Canada. Married Henry Gates of Burford, 1802. Died at Oakland, Brant, Ontario, Canada (Family Group Records Collection; Canadian Census: Oakland, Brant, Ontario, 1851; Reid, The Loyalists in Ontario, 42-43).

Gause, Jesse (1784-1836?), born at East Marlborough, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Joined the Society of Friends, 1806. Taught in the Friends' School in Wilmington, Delaware, 1812-15. Married Martha Johnson in Philadelphia, 1815. After his wife died in 1828, he remarried and joined the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing ("Shakers"). Moved to the Shaker community at North Union, Cayahoga County, Ohio, in 1831. A short time later he was converted to Mormonism. In March 1832 he was appointed a counselor to Joseph Smith. Traveled to Missouri with Joseph Smith and others in the summer of 1832. After a proselyting mission with Zebedee Coltrin to the Shaker community at North Union in August, he apostatized and was excommunicated (Quinn, "Jesse Gause").

Gee, Salmon (1792-1845), born at Lyme, New London County, Connecticut. Married Sarah Watson Crane, 1814. Living in Geauga County, Ohio when converted to Mormonism in 1832. One of the Presidents of the Seventy, 1837-38. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1841-44. Died at Ambrosia, Lee County, Iowa (Family Group Records Collection; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:192-93).

Geddes, Thomas (1805-1892), farmer; born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. One of the pioneer settlers of Fountain Green, Hancock County, Illinois in 1837. Colonel in the 87th Regiment of Illinois militia. Commanding a portion of the troops at Carthage when Joseph Smith was killed. Delegate to the convention that drafted the 1848 Constitution of Illinois. Died at Fountain Green. (Portrait and Biographical Record, 481-82; History of Hancock County, 124, 301, 648).

Gibbs, Nancy Miranda (c1815-1867), born at Benson, Rutland County, Vermont. Married William F. Cahoon at Kirtland, Ohio, 1836. Died in Salt Lake City, Utah (Black, Membership 18:250-51).

Gilbert, Algernon Sidney (1789-1834), born at New Haven, Connecticut. Married Elizabeth Van Benthusen, 1823. Merchant at Painesville, Ohio, and later a partner with Newel K. Whitney in the firm Gilbert & Whitney at Kirtland, Ohio. Joined the Latter-day Saints in 1830. Operated a branch of the Gilbert-Whitney store in Independence, Missouri, 1831-33. Among the Saints driven from Jackson County, Missouri, 1833. Authored correspondence between Church leaders and Missouri Governor Dunklin during this crisis. Died of cholera during the march of Zion's Camp in 1834 (Cook, Revelations, 84; History of the Church, 2:118-19).

Gillet, John, land speculator who bought Hancock County lands in what later became Nauvoo. With Horace Hotchkiss, he platted a town they named Commerce City in 1837 and in 1839 contracted the sale of about 500 acres to the Latter-day Saints (Flanders, Nauvoo, 41-42).

Gilliam, Cornelius (1798-1848), born at Mt. Pisgah, Florida. Attracted by the frontier and fond of hunting, he settled consecutively in five western Missouri counties. Married Mary Crawford, 1820. He became a part-time Baptist minister in Clinton County and was sheriff of Clay County, 1830-34. Member of the committee that helped locate the Latter-day Saints in Clay County in 1833. Represented Platte County in the Missouri state senate, 1838-42. Fought in the Black Hawk and Seminole Indian wars, 1832, 1835, and came to regard the natives as a nuisance and threat. Led a wagon train to Oregon in 1844, where he became prominent in local government. While leading a strike against Cayuse Indians who had killed Marcus Whitman, Gilliam was killed at Wells Springs near the Umatilla River when a loaded rifle accidentally discharged. Gilliam County, Oregon was named in his honor. During the 1838 Mormon conflict in Missouri, Gilliam commanded men from the Platte purchase who were painted, feathered, and dressed like Indians. "Gilliam himself wore a full Indian costume, had his war paint on, and called himself Ôthe Delaware Chief,' and his men Ôthe Delaware amarujans.' They would whoop and yell, and otherwise comport themselves as savages.'" (History of Caldwell and Livingston Counties, 134; LeSueur, The 1838 Mormon War, 22-23, 25, 92, 128-29, 258; Lockley, "Reminiscences").

Gould, Dean, son of John Gould, was a non-Mormon member of Zion's Camp in 1834. He was baptized upon his arrival in Missouri (History of the Church, 2:72, 95).

Gould, John (1808-1851) was born in Ontario, Canada. Baptized in June 1833. Accompanied Joseph Smith to solicit volunteers for Zion's Camp, 1834. Proselyting in New York, 1834-35. Appointed a President in the First Council of Seventy, 1837. Married Abigail Harrington. Died at Cooley's Mill, Pottawatamie County, Iowa (Cook, Revelations, 204; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:191).

Granger, Carlos, (1790-?), born at Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut. Married Sarah Stiles, 1813. A non-Mormon resident of Nauvoo, Illinois, in the 1840s. Died at Painesville, Ohio (Times and Seasons 3 (1 August 1842): 878; Granger, Launcelot Granger, 186).

Granger, Oliver (1794-1841), born at Phelps, Ontario County, New York. Married Lydia Dibble, 1818. Sheriff of Ontario County, New York, and colonel in the militia. Converted to Mormonism in the early 1830s. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1833. Proselyting and working on Kirtland Temple, 1833-36. Appointed to the Kirtland high council, 1837. Moved to Missouri in 1838 and was appointed agent for the Church in Kirtland. After locating at Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1839, he returned as Church agent in Kirtland, where he died (History of the Church 4:408-9; Cook, Revelations, 230).

Greene, Addison (1819-1892), born in Aurelius, Cayuga County, New York. Son of John P. Greene. His mother was Brigham Young's sister, Rhoda Young Greene. Joined the LDS Church and moved to Kirtland, Ohio. Participant in the Zion's Camp expedition, 1834. Did not go west with the Mormon migration. Died in Newbern, Jersey County, Illinois (Deseret Evening News, 17 Feb 1892).

Greene, John P. (1793-1844), shoemaker. Born in Herkimer County, New York. Married Brigham Young's sister, Rhoda. Living in Mendon, New York, when he joined the Church. Appointed to the Kirtland, Ohio, high council, 1836. Presided over the branch of the Church at New York City, 1839. Elected to the Nauvoo, Illinois, city council, 1841, and became city marshal, 1843. Under his direction as marshal, the Nauvoo Expositor was destroyed in June 1844. He was among those arrested in the Expositor case. Died a short time later at Nauvoo (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:633-36; History of the Church, 3:347; 6:124; 7:63, 487ff).

Grover, Thomas (1807-1886), riverboat captain; born at Whitehall, Washington County, New York. Married Caroline Whiting, 1828. Converted to Mormonism in 1834. Appointed to Kirtland, Ohio, high council, 1836; Far West, Missouri, high council, 1837; and Nauvoo, Illinois, high council, 1839. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1847; settled at Farmington, Utah. Member of Utah legislature and probate judge of Davis County. Died at Farmington, Davis County, Utah (Cook, Revelations, 259; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:137-40).

H

Hale, Isaac (1763-1839), hunter, farmer; born at Waterbury, Connecticut, and raised in Wells, Vermont. He served in the Revolutionary War. Married Elizabeth Lewis, 1789, and they became parents of nine children. Moved to Harmony, Pennsylvania, in 1791. In 1828 when persecution hampered work on the Book of Mormon in Manchester, New York, Joseph Smith continued the work under the protection of his father-in-law, Isaac Hale, in Harmony, Pennsylvania. But the following year Hale became embittered against Joseph and his work, forcing him to move to Fayette, New York. Isaac died in Pennsylvania. (Newell and Avery, Mormon Enigma, 1-8, 102; Porter, "A Study of the Origins of the Church," 114-18).

Hampton, Jonathan (1811-1844), born at East Gwillimbury, York, Canada. Married Julia Foster, 1833. Converted to Mormonism by Brigham Young in 1835. Participated in the migration of the Kirtland Saints from Ohio to Missouri in 1838 and in the evacuation from Missouri to Illinois in 1839 (Smith, History of the Church 3: 92, 252; Family Group Records Collection).

Hancock, Solomon (1793-1847), born at Springfield, Hampden County, Massachusetts. Married Alta Adams, 1815. Converted to Mormonism in Ohio in 1830. Moved to Jackson County, Missouri, 1832. Appointed to Missouri high council, 1834. Presided over Yelrome branch in Hancock County, Illinois, 1844. Died in Iowa during exodus from Nauvoo. (Cook, Revelations, 77-78.)

Harris, Emer (1781-1869), carpenter; born at Cambridge, Washington County, New York. Elder brother of Martin Harris. Married Roxana Peas, 1802. Joined the Latter-day Saints and moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1831. Proselyting in Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, with Martin Harris, 1832. Worked on Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. Member of Nauvoo Legion. Migrated to Utah, 1852. Appointed patriarch, 1853. Presided over high priests at Provo, Utah, 1855. Died at Logan, Cache County, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; Emer Harris Biographical Sketch, typescript, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University; Cook, Revelations, 154-55; Deseret Evening News, 8 December 1869).

Harris, George Washington (1780-1857), born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts. After the death of his first wife in 1828, he married Lucinda Pendleton Morgan in 1830. Moved to Terre Haute, Indiana, in 1834, where he was converted to Mormonism. Appointed to Far West high council in Missouri in 1838. Moved to Illinois in 1839. Named to the Nauvoo high council, 1839. Elected alderman, 1841. President of Nauvoo Coach and Carriage Manufacturing Association. Started west with the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo, 1846. Appointed bishop at Council Bluffs, Iowa, 1846. Did not continue on to Utah, but remained in Council Bluffs until his death (Cook, Revelations, 260).

Harris, Martin (1783-1875), farmer; born at Easttown, Saratoga County, New York. Moved to Palmyra, New York, in 1792, where he became a respected landowner. Assisted Joseph Smith as a scribe during translation of the Book of Mormon; paid printing costs for publication of the book. One of the Three Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Member of the Kirtland high council. Left the Church in 1837; remained in the East until 1870, when he came to Salt Lake City and was rebaptized. Died at Clarkston, Cache County, Utah (Cook, Revelations, 9; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:271-76; Gunnell, "Martin Harris").

Harris, Nathan (1758-1835), farmer, hunter, fisherman, father of Martin Harris. Born at Smithfield, Providence County, Rhode Island. Married Rhoda Lapham prior to 1781. Among the first settlers at Palmyra, New York, where he moved from Rhode Island in 1893 and bought 600 acres. Died at Mentor, Lake County, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection; "Old Newspapers -No. 23," Palmyra Courier [New York], 3, 10 May 1872).

Harris, Preserved (1785-1867), a younger brother of Martin Harris, was born at Palmyra, Wayne County, New York. Married Nancy Warren prior to 1811. Died at Mentor, Lake County, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection).

Harris, Rhoda Lapham (1759-1849), wife of Nathan Harris. Born in Providence, Rhode Island. Moved with her husband to Palmyra, New York, 1793. Died at Mentor, Lake County, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection; Cook, Palmyra and Vicinity, 202).

Hedlock, Reuben (1801-?), carpenter, builder. Residing at Avon, Livingston County, New York in 1830. Appointed president of the elders quorum in Kirtland, Ohio, 1837. Moved to Missouri with Kirtland Camp in 1838. Called as a missionary to England in 1840; returned to Nauvoo, Illinois, 1841. Prepared the engravings for the facsimiles in the Book of Abraham, 1842. Returned to England in 1843, where he presided over the mission, 1843-45 (Early Church Information File; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:314; U.S. Census: Avon, Livingston County, New York, 1830; History of the Church, 2:526; 4:519, 543).

Herriman, Henry (1804-1891), shoemaker, farmer; born at Bradford, Essex County, Massachusetts. Married Clarissa Boynton, 1827. Converted to Mormonism in 1832. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1834 and participated in the march of Zion's Camp. Appointed a President of the First Quorum of Seventy, 1838. In Nauvoo he was a captain, later lieutenant colonel, in the Nauvoo Legion. Migrated to Utah during the Mormon exodus, 1846-48. One of the founders of Herriman, Utah. Missionary in England, 1857-58. Colonizing mission to southern Utah, 1862. Later resided at Huntington, Emery County (Cook, Revelations, 261; U.S. Census: Salt Lake City, Utah, 1850, 1860).

Herritt, John (? 1840), member of the Second Quorum of Seventy in Kirtland. Died while on a proselyting mission to the Fox Islands in Maine (Black, Membership, 22:452).

Hicks, John A. (1810-?), born in New York. Residing in Hancock County, Illinois, in 1840. Appointed president of the elders quorum at Nauvoo, 1841. Excommunicated later that year. Joined with opponents of Joseph Smith. Living in Allegan County, Michigan in 1850 (History of the Church, 4:341, 428; Cook, Revelations, 261-62; U.S. Census, Allegan County, Michigan, 1850).

Higbee, Elias (1795-1843), born at Galloway, Gloucester County, New Jersey. Married Elizabeth Ward, 1818. Baptized, 1832. Among saints driven from Jackson County, Missouri, 1833. Worked on Kirtland Temple, 1835. Member of the Nauvoo Temple Committee. Member of Clay County, Missouri, high council, 1836; Far West, Missouri, high council, 1837. Church recorder, 1838-43. Traveled to Washington, D.C., with Joseph Smith in 1839 to seek redress for Missouri grievances. Died of cholera in Hancock County, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 225; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:253).

Hill, Isaac (1806-1879), blacksmith, brickmaker; born near Brighton, Beaver County, Pennsylvania. Married Mary Bell, 1827. Converted to Mormonism, 1833. Participated in march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. With Latter-day Saints in Missouri and Illinois. Migrated to Utah, 1850. Bishop of Salt Lake City Second Ward, 1854-64. Missionary to Canada, 1857-58. Moved to Bear Lake, 1864. Died at Fish Haven, Bear Lake County, Idaho (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 2:149; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:509; Journal of Isaac Hill, Ms., LDS Church Archives).

Hinkle, George M. (1802-1861), merchant; born in Kentucky. Appointed to the Missouri high council in January 1836 to replace Orson Pratt. During the Missouri conflict in 1838, he commanded the Mormon militia defending Far West, Caldwell County. Under the guise of a truce, he surrendered Church leaders to opposing forces, which resulted in the imprisonment of Joseph Smith and others. Hinkle testified for the state against his former associates at the November 1838 hearing in Richmond, Ray County. He was excommunicated in 1839. In later years he practiced medicine, kept a drug store, and farmed. He died in Iowa. (Smith, History of the Church, 2:357; 3:188-89, 196-98, 210, 284; Pratt, Autobiography, 186; Hinkle, "A Biographical Sketch," 444-453; Missouri. Document Containing the Correspondence, Orders, &c., 125-29).

Hitchcock, Jesse (1801-c1846), born in Ash County, North Carolina. Member of the Missouri high council, 1836-37. Appointed acting scribe for Joseph Smith during illness of Warren Parrish in 1836. Called on mission in Illinois to disabuse public mind over arrest of the Prophet in 1843. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa while crossing the plains between 1846 and 1848 (History of the Church, 2:482; 5:485; Black, Membership 23: 236; Black, Inscriptions, 11).

Huntington, Dimick Baker (1808-1879), shoemaker, constable, Indian interpreter, blacksmith. Born at Watertown, Jefferson County New York. Married Fannie Maria Allen, 1830. Converted to Mormonism, 1835. Constable at Far West, Missouri. Coroner and constable at Nauvoo, Illinois. Among those arrested for destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor, 1844. Enlisted with the Mormon Battalion in the Mexican War. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley in 1847. Helped establish settlements in Utah and Sanpete counties. Accompanied Parley Pratt on exploring expedition to southern Utah, 1850. Participated in Indian fights at Battle Creek and Provo and served as interpreter among Great Basin Indians. Died in Salt Lake City (Whitney, History of Utah, 4:209-11).

Holbrook, Joseph (1806-1885), farmer, carpenter, judge; born at Florence, Oneida County, New York. Converted to Mormonism in Genessee County, New York, 1833. A member of Zion's Camp, 1834. Wounded at the battle at Crooked River in 1838. Commissioned a captain in the Illinois state militia in 1841. Appointed to the Nauvoo, Hancock County police, 1845. Left Nauvoo with the Latter-day Saints in 1846 and arrived in Salt Lake Valley in 1848. Moved to Bountiful, Davis County in 1850, where he lived until his death. He served as Davis County Judge, as a member of the Utah territorial legislature, and as a bishop's counselor. He built the first school house in Bountiful (Deseret News, 17 November 1885).

Hollister, David S. (1808-1858), born at Middleburg. Schoharie County, New York. Moved to Newark, Ohio, about 1829. Married Mary Ann Wilson, 1831. In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1836-1842. Moved to Quincy, Illinois, 1842. Active in LDS affairs in Nauvoo. Engaged in steamboat business; captain of a boat that ran between Nauvoo, Illinois, and New Orleans. Member of the Council of Fifty, 1844. Elected delegate for anticipated Joseph Smith presidential nominating convention at Baltimore, 1844 (Case, The Hollister Family of America, 421, 611).

Hollister, John (1792-1839), born at Marbletown, Kingston County, New York. Married Lavina Clearwater, 1817. Living in Caroline, Tompkins County, New York, 1818-1835. Evidently moved to Portage County, Ohio, investigated Mormonism, joined the Church, then moved to Illinois, where he died before the 1840 census. A daughter, Sarah Ann, is listed in the Nauvoo temple records in 1846 (Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Tompkins County, New York, 1830).

Holmes, Erastus (1801-1863), born in Pennsylvania. Settled at Newberry (later Mulberry), Clermont County, Ohio. After visiting Joseph Smith and expressing interest in the Church in 1835, Holmes apparently did not join the Latter-day Saints. He was postmaster of Mulberry, 1839-47, and also a merchant in the town. In 1850 he was living in Cincinatti. He died at Milford, Clermont County (U.S. Census: Clermont County, Ohio, 1830, 1840; Hamilton County, 1850; History of Clermont County, Ohio, 465, 469; Whitt, Clermont County, Ohio, 3:144; Daughters of the American Revolution, "Monument Inscriptions").

Holmes, Milton (1811-1863), shoemaker. Born at Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts. Married Aphia Woodman. Living at Napoli, Cattaraugus County, New York, in 1830. Proselyting mission to Canada with Lyman Johnson in February 1834. Participated in the march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Member of the Second Quorum of Seventy. Missionary in England, 1840-41, 1844-45. Lived remainder of his life in Franklin County, Maine (History of the Church, 2:35; Black, Membership, 23: 673-74; U.S. Census: Franklin County, Maine, 1850).

Hotchkiss, Horace Rowe (1799-1849), merchant, land speculator; native of Connecticut. Merchant in Fair Haven, Connecticut at the time he married Charlotte Street, 1824. Sold about four hundred acres of land to the Latter-day Saints in 1839, upon which Nauvoo, Illinois, was partly built (U.S. Census: New Haven, Connecticut, 1840; Carhart and Nelson, Genealogy of the Morris Family, 321; Jacobus, Families of Ancient New Haven, 833).

Howe, Harriet, Church member in Painesville, Ohio. Sister of Eber D. Howe, publisher of the Painesville Telegraph. Helped make clothing for workmen, and the veil for the Kirtland Temple (Journal History, 22 October 1867; Journal of Joseph Smith, 30 April 1834; Deming, Naked Truths, 1:2).

Howe, Sophia (1800-1866), born in New York. Wife of Eber D. Howe, Painesville, Lake County, Ohio publisher. A Baptist who followed Sidney Rigdon into the Disciples, then joined the Latter-day Saints. Donated to Zion's Camp, 1834. Later left the Church. Resided in Painesville until her death (U.S. Census: Painesville, Lake County, Ohio, 1850; Upton, History of the Western Reserve, 2: 967; Deming, Naked Truths, 1:2).

Humphery, Solomon (1775-1834), born at Canton, Hartford County, Connecticut. Married Ursula Andrews. Converted to Mormonism, 1831. Proselyting in eastern states, 1831-32. Participated in march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Died in Clay County, Missouri (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:689-90; Cook, Revelations, 78).

Hunter, Edward (1793-1883), merchant, farmer; born at Newtown, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Engaged in mercantile business near Philadelphia, 1816-22. Served in the cavalry seven years, and as Delaware County commissioner three years. Married Ann Standley, 1830. Converted to Mormonism in 1840. Bishop of Nauvoo Fifth Ward, 1844-46. Migrated to Utah, 1846-47. Bishop of Salt Lake City Thirteenth Ward, 1849-54, and Presiding Bishop of the Church, 1851-1883. Died at Salt Lake City (Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 6:317-26; Hartley, "Edward Hunter").

Hurlbut, Doctor Philastus (1809-1883), United Brethren minister, farmer. Given the name"Doctor" because of the superstition that a seventh son would possess supernatural qualities of medical skill. Born in Chittenden County, Vermont. Attended school in Penn Yan, Yates County, New York. Converted to Mormonism in 1833, but after a few months was excommunicated for immoral conduct. Employed by a Kirtland, Ohio, anti-Mormon committee to collect information disparaging to Joseph Smith and the Church. His findings were published in E. D. Howe's Mormonism Unvailed in 1834. Indicted in 1834 for threatening Joseph Smith's life. Married Maria Woodbury, 1834. After residing in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Michigan, he finally settled in Madison, Sandusky County, Ohio, where he remained until his death (U.S. Census: Madison, Sandusky County, Ohio, 1850-1880; History of the Church, 1:252, 354-55; Parkin, "Nature and Causes," 120-28; Maria S. Hurlbut, Biographical Sketch of her Husband D. P. Hurlbut, 15 April 1855, MS, Chicago Historical Society).

Hyde, Heman (1788-1869), farmer; born at Stratford, Orange County, Vermont. Married Polly Wyman Tilton, 1810. Veteran of the War of 1812. Converted to Mormonism in 1834 at Freedom, Cattaraugus County, New York. Moved to Ohio and accompanied Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Resided with the Saints in Nauvoo, Illinois. Traveled with the Mormon exodus to Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1846, where he served as a member of the high council until he left for the Salt Lake Valley in 1848. Residing in the Salt Lake City Thirteenth Ward at the time of his death (Journal History, 11 June 1869; Black, Membership 24:935-938).

Hyde, Orson (1805-1878), clerk, school teacher, businessman, lawyer. Born at Oxford, New Haven County, Connecticut. Converted by Sidney Rigdon, 1831. Baptized sixty during proselyting mission with Samuel Smith in eastern states, 1832. Appointed clerk to First Presidency, 1833. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Marinda Nancy Johnson, 1834. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-1878. Sided with dissenters against the Church in 1838, but was readmitted in 1839. Mission to England, 1837-38, 1846-47; Palestine, 1841-42. Member of the Nauvoo city council, 1841. Presided over the Saints at Winter Quarters, Nebraska, 1847-50, where he also published the Frontier Guardian. To Utah in 1852. Appointed associate judge of the supreme court for Utah; member of territorial legislature; president of the senate. He died at Spring City, Sanpete County, Utah (Cook, Revelations, 109-110; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:80-82; Hill, "Historical Study of the Life of Orson Hyde").

J

Jackman, Levi (1797-1876), carpenter. Born at Vershire, Orange County, Vermont. Married Angeline Myers Brady. Living in Portage County, Ohio, when he joined the Church, 1831. Settled in Jackson County, Missouri, 1832. Appointed to Missouri high council, 1834; Far West high council, 1837; and the Salt Lake City high council, 1848. Returned to Kirtland from Missouri in July 1835 and worked on the temple. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley with Mormon pioneers, 1847. Counselor in Salt Lake City Sixteenth Ward bishopric. Died at Salem, Utah County, Utah (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:769-70; History of the Church, 2:124, 524; 7:629; Deseret Evening News, 26 July 1876).

Jackson, Joseph H., adventurer. Had been in California early in his life. Came to Nauvoo in 1842 under false pretenses of poverty. Employed by Joseph Smith as clerk in selling lands. Engaged in criminal activities in Hancock County. Joined Nauvoo dissenters to oppose the Mormon Prophet. Threatened to kidnap Hyrum Smith's daughter. Among those who sought the murder of Joseph Smith (Jackson, A Narrative, 4, 29; History of the Church, 5:394, 400; 6: 435, 543, 560, 569; 7:146).

Jackson, Truman (c1801-?), farmer; born in New York. Living at Verona, Oneida County, New York, in 1830, 1840, 1850. Evidently joined the Latter-day Saints in Ohio but did not follow the Church west. Member of elders quorum in Kirtland, 1836; and seventies quorum, 1837. Married Ann Brown, 1837 (U.S. Census: Oneida County, New York, 1830-1850; History of the Church, 2:400; LDS Messenger and Advocate 3:676).

James, Samuel (1814-1876), bible agent; born in Pennsylvania. After his conversion, appointed to the Kirtland, Ohio, high council, 1836. Married Marian Evans, 1841. Extensive proselyting in eastern states, 1835-44. He followed Sidney Rigdon after death of Joseph Smith. At a conference in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in April 1845, Rigdon appointed James one of his counselors. Residing in Jefferson County, Ohio, 1850-1870. Died at Steubenville, Jefferson County (History of the Church, 2:366; 5:386; Smith, The History of the Reorganized Church, 3:8; U.S. Census: Jefferson County, Ohio, 1850, 1860, 1870).

Johnson, Ezekiel (1776-1848), farmer, carpenter; born at Uxbridge, Worcester County, Massachusetts. Father of Joseph E. Johnson and Benjamin F Johnson. Married Julia Hills, 1801. Living at Pomfret, Chautauqua County, New York by 1814. Opposed the conversion of his family to Mormonism but moved to Kirtland, Ohio with them in 1833. Embittered over his family's conversion, he separated from his wife. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Family Group Records Collection; Johnson and Johnson, "The Johnson Pioneers of the West," 2:87-94).

Johnson, John (1779-1843), farmer. Born at Chesterfield, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Married Mary Elsa Jacobs, 1800. Settled at Hiram, Ohio, in 1818 and joined the Latter-day Saints in 1831. Joseph Smith resided at the Johnson home in Hiram during work on Bible revision. Johnson moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1832. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1834-37. Became disaffected and withdrew from the Church, 1838. Died at Kirtland, Ohio (Cook, Revelations, 199; The Deseret Weekly, 26 May 1858; Perkins, "A House Divided").

Johnson, Luke (1807-1861), farmer, teacher, doctor, son of John Johnson. Born at Pomfret, Windsor County, Vermont. Living in Hiram, Ohio, when converted in 1831. Proselyting in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Kentucky, 1831-33. Married Susan Poteet, 1833. Accompanied Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Member of Quorum of Twelve, 1835-37. Left the Church in 1838. Rebaptized in 1846. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley with Mormon pioneers, 1847. Appointed bishop in St. John, Tooele County, Utah. Died at Salt Lake City (Cook, Revelations, 110-11; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:85-86).

Johnson, Lyman Eugene (1811-1856), merchant, lawyer, son of John Johnson. Born at Pomfret, Windsor County, Vermont. Baptized in 1831. Missionary with Orson Pratt to the eastern states, New England, and Canada, 1832-33. Married Sarah Lang. One of eight men named in an 1834 revelation to solicit funds and volunteers to assist the Saints driven from Jackson County. Accompanied Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-38. Left the Church, 1838. Living in Iowa, 1842. Drowned in the Mississippi River at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin (Cook, Revelations, 111; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:91-92).

Johnson, Orson (1803/4-1883), innkeeper, farmer. Born at Bath, Grafton County, New Hampshire, where he was living in 1830. Converted to Mormonism in 1832. Participated in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Kirtland high council in 1834. Left the Church in 1837. Living at Peoria, Illinois, 1840, 1850; and at Altona, Knox County, Illinois, in 1880, where he died (History of the Church, 2:151; U.S. Census: Peoria County, Illinois, 1840, 1850; Knox County, 1880; Journal History, 3 February 1832).

Johnson, Susan Ellen (1814-1836), born at Pomfret, Chautauqua County, New York. Converted to Mormonism in 1833 and moved to Kirtland, Ohio with other members of her family. Taught school and did hand work to assist with building the temple. Died of consumption at Kirtland (Johnson and Johnson, "The Johnson Pioneers of the West," 2:86).

K

Keeler, Amos (c1793-?), native of Connecticut. New York City dry goods merchant for many years; sold goods to the Latter-day Saints in Kirtland, Ohio, in 1836 (U.S. Census, New York City, New York, 1850; Hill, Rooker, and Wimmer, "The Kirtland Economy Revisited," 462-63).

Keeler, Joseph (1787-1868), born at Ridgefield, Fairfield County, Connecticut. Married Olive Brite, 1811. Joined the Latter-day Saints and lived in Kirtland, Ohio, for a time, but evidently left the Church around 1835. Living in Valparaiso, Porter County, Indiana, in 1850. Died in Marshall County, Iowa (U.S. Census: Centre, Porter, Indiana, 1850; Counties of Porter and Lake, Indiana, 285; Broughton, A Genealogy of the Families of John Rockewll, of Stamford, Conn., 1641 and Ralph Keeler of Hartford, Conn., 1639, 70).

Kimball, Heber Chase (1801-1868), blacksmith, potter. Born at Sheldon, Franklin County, Vermont. Married Vilate Murray, 1822. Converted to Mormonism, 1832, at Mendon, New York. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Council of the Twelve, 1835-47. Missionary to England, 1837-38, 1839-41. Elected to Nauvoo City Council, 1841. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley with Mormon pioneers, 1847. Counselor to Brigham Young in the First Presidency, 1847-68. Died at Salt Lake City (Cook, Revelations, 263-64; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:34-37. Kimball, Heber C. Kimball).

King, Austin Augustus (1801-1870), governor of Missouri, 1848-1852. Born in Sullivan County, Tennessee. He moved to Missouri in 1830, where he practiced law at Columbia. Elected to the state legislature. In 1837, upon his appointment to a circuit judgeship by Governor Lilburn Boggs, he moved to Richmond, Ray County. Between 1837 and 1848 he served as judge of Missouri's Fifth Judicial Circuit, consisting of the counties of Clinton, Ray, Caldwell, Clay, Platte, and Buchanan. In November 1838 he presided at the preliminary hearing of Joseph Smith and other Mormons at Richmond. Represented Missouri as a Union Democrat in the U.S. Congress, 1862-64. Had a successful law practice in St. Louis prior to his death (History of Ray County, Missouri, 259-61; Conard, Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri, 3:537; Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 10:382).

Kingsbury, Joseph (1812-1898), born at Enfield, Hartford County, Connecticut. Converted to Mormonism in Kirtland, Ohio, 1832. Married Caroline Whitney, daughter of Newell K. Whitney, 1836. Clerk in Newel K. Whitney store at Kirtland. Appointed to the Kirtland high council, 1835, and Iowa high council, 1841. Among Saints expelled from Missouri, 1838. Clerk in Joseph Smith's Nauvoo store. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Bishop of Salt Lake City Second Ward, 1851-2. Appointed superintendent of the Church Tithing Office, 1867. Ordained a patriarch, 1883. Died at Salt Lake City (Tullidge, History of Salt Lake City, 121-23; Whitney, History of Utah, 4:114-15; Cook, Joseph C. Kingsbury.)

Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1772-1847), born at Oakham, Worcester County, Massachusetts. Married Polly Peck about 1795. Moved to Bainbridge, Chenango County, New York in 1808 and two years later, to Colesville, Broome County, New York, where he resided nineteen years. Owned a farm, gristmill, and carding machines, and according to his son, "was not rich, yet possessed enough of this world's goods to secure himself and family the necessities and comforts of life." When Joseph Smith obtained the Book of Mormon plates in 1827, Knight was visiting the Smith home in Manchester, New York, and Joseph Smith used Knight's horse and buggy as a means of conveyance on that occasion. Among the first converts to Mormonism, his family formed the nucleus of a small branch of the Church at Colesville. Helped pioneer the Mormon settlement at Independence, Missouri, in 1831. Died at Mt. Pisgah, Iowa, during the Mormon exodus from Illinois (Journal of Newel Knight, 1, MS, LDS Church Archives; History of the Church, 1:47; Cook, Revelations, 20-22; Hartley, "They Are My Friends").

Knight, Joseph , Jr., (1808-1866) , born at Halifax, Vermont. Worked with Joseph Smith on his father's New York farm; assisted Joseph during translation of the Book of Mormon (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 26:146; Hartley, They Are My Friends).

Knight, Lydia Goldthwaite Bailey (1812-1884), born at Sutton, Worcester County, Massachusetts. Married Calvin Bailey in 1828 but was deserted by her husband three years later. Converted to Mormonism in Canada by Joseph Smith in 1833. After returning to her parents in New York in 1834 and being derided for her religion, she moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1835. While working for Hyrum Smith, she met and married Newel Knight, who was boarding at the Smith home. Moved to Missouri in 1836 and Illinois in 1839. Left Nauvoo with the Mormon exodus in 1846. Because of the death of her husband, she did not arrive in Salt Lake Valley until 1850. Resided successively at Salt Lake City, Provo, Payson, Santa Clara, and St. George, where she died (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:775-76; Hartley, "They Are My Friends"; Gates, Lydia Knight's History, 12-23).

Knight, Newel (1800-1847), miller. Born at Marlborough, Windham County, Vermont. Living at Colesville, New York, when converted by Joseph Smith. Moved to Ohio, then Missouri in 1831 Among those expelled from Jackson County, Missouri, 1833. Member of Clay County high council, 1834; Far West high council, 1836; and Nauvoo high council, 1839-1845. His first wife, Sally Coburn, died in Missouri in September 1834. Returning to Ohio, he worked on the Kirtland Temple and boarded at the Hyrum Smith home, where he met Lydia Bailey. Died during the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo to Salt Lake Valley. (Journal of Newel Knight, MS; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:773-75; Cook, Revelations, 78-79; Hartley, "They Are My Friends"; "Newel Knight's Journal," 47-104).

Knight, Vinson (1804-1842), born at Norwich, Massachusetts. Married Martha McBride, 1826. Owned a farm at Perrysburg, New York, when converted, 1834. Appointed counselor to Bishop Newel K. Whitney in Kirtland, Ohio, 1836. Church land agent, 1839. Appointed bishop of Nauvoo Lower Ward, 1839, and Presiding Bishop of the Church, 1841. Elected to Nauvoo City Council, 1841. Died at Nauvoo (Vinson Knight Family Bible, copy in possession of Knight B. Kerr, Salt Lake City; Cook, Revelations, 265).

L

Law, William (1809-1892), merchant, miller, farmer; born in Tyrone County, Northern Ireland. Emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1818 and moved to Churchville, Peel County, Ontario, Canada, about 1832. Converted to Mormonism in 1836 by John Taylor. Led a company of saints to Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1839. Appointed a member of the First Presidency, 1841. Opposition to plural marriage led to his excommunication in 1844. Organized a church in opposition to Joseph Smith and published the Nauvoo Expositor. After his defection he lived in Iowa, Illinois, and Pennsylvania before moving to Shullsburg, LaFayette County, Wisconsin, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 265-66; U.S. Census: Delaware, Mercer, Pennsylvania, 1850; Cook, William Law).

Law, Wilson (1807-1877), farmer; born in Ireland. Brother of William Law. Elected member of the Nauvoo city council, 1841. Elected brigadier general in the Nauvoo Legion in 1841 and major general the following year. Married Elizabeth Sikes, 1842. Joined dissenters against Joseph Smith and was excommunicated in 1844. Counselor in his brother's opposition church. Living in Delaware, Mercer County, Pennsylvania in 1850 (U.S. Census: Delaware, Mercer, Pennsylvania, 1850; Black, Membership, 27:549-50; Journal History, 1 February, 6 April 1841; 3 April 1842; 18, 28-30 April 1844).

Lewis, Job, in his fifties, owned a tavern in Westfield, Chautauqua County, New York in 1833. Wife's name was Margaret. Apparently joined the Church in the early 1830s. Excommunicated for treating the Church with contempt in 1836 (U.S. Census: Chautauqua County, New York, 1830; Journal History, 23 May 1836).

Lewis, Lloyd L., converted to Mormonism in 1835 at Westfield, Chautauqua County, New York, but left the Church later in the year (Journal History, 10 May 1835).

Lewis, Lorenzo, probably joined the Latter-day Saints at Westfield, Chautauqua County, New York, but became disaffected in 1835 (Journal History, 28 September 1835).

Loud, Austin (1797-1852), builder, millwright; born at Westhampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Married Mehetable Bartlett, 1821. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1832, where he built a grist and sawmill, where lumber for the Mormon temple was sawed. Moved to Huntsburg, Ohio, in 1836, where he built a sawmill. Built churches at Montville and Ravenna, Ohio. Died at Huntsburg (Loud, Genealogical Record of the Descendants of Caleb Loud, 8-9).

Lowell, Susan (1804-1859), born at Buxton, Cumberland County, Maine. Converted to Mormonism in 1833. Married John F. Boynton in 1836. After leaving Kirtland, Ohio, she resided with her husband at Syracuse, New York, and Saco, Maine (Boynton and Boynton, The Boynton Family, 19-20).

Lucas, Robert (1781-1853), born in Shepherdstown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Early settler of Ohio. Major general in the Ohio militia; accompanied General Hull in the invasion of Canada. Served for nineteen years in the Ohio legislature. Chairman of the Democratic national convention in 1832. Governor of Ohio, 1832-36. Served as the first territorial governor of Iowa, 1838-41. Died in Iowa (National Cyclopedia of American Biography, 3:139).

Lucas, Samuel D. (1799-1868), born in Washington County, Kentucky. One of the early settlers of Independence, Missouri, where he owned a store. Judge of Jackson County court, 1831. Major general of the fourth division of Missouri militia. One of organizers of the Independence masonic lodge, 1847. Married Myra Symington after death of his first wife in 1850. Served as Jackson County clerk, 1842-48. Held office continuously until 1865. Lucas and David R. Atchison were commanding Third and Fourth Division militia units during the conflict in Caldwell County, Missouri in October 1838, when Atchison was dismissed from his post. This left Lucas as the senior officer. Apparently unaware that Major general John B. Clark (at the time proceeding toward the scene of action from Howard County with militia of his First Division) had been named supreme commander of the forces operating against the Saints, Lucas presided at the Mormon surrender at Far West (History of Caldwell and Livingston Counties, Missouri, 132-33; Missouri. Document Containing the Correspondence, 70-72; Elizabeth P. Ellsberry, "Marriage Records of Jackson Co., Missouri" [Chillicothe, Missouri: n.d.], 51; History of Jackson County, Mo., 105, 170, 179, 643, 806-07; Pearl Wilcox, Jackson County Pioneers, 204-205).

Lyman, Amasa M. (1813-1877), farmer; born at Lyman, Grafton County, New Hampshire. Joined Latter-day Saints and moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1832. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Married Maria Tanner, 1835. Although arrested with Joseph Smith at Far West, Missouri, in 1838, he was not charged at the Richmond hearing. Appointed an Apostle in 1842, a member of the First Presidency the following year, and of the Council of Twelve, 1844. Arrived with pioneer company in Salt Lake Valley in 1847. Assisted in colonization of and presided over settlement at San Bernardino, California, 1851-57. President of European Mission, 1860-62. Moved to Fillmore, Utah, 1863. Excommunicated in 1870 for teaching false doctrine. Died at Fillmore (Cook, Revelations, 266-67; The Deseret Weekly 8 (1858): 117-18, 121-22).

Lyman, Azariah (1777-1857), farmer; born at Westhampton, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Married Rhoda Rust, 1799. After her death in 1809, he married Sarah Bartlett in 1811. Exchanging his Massachusetts farm for land in the western wilderness, he became a pioneer settler of Geauga County, Ohio, in 1823. Jointly owned a sawmill, grist-mill, and seventeen acres of land at Kirtland with Austin Loud. He died at Chester, Geauga County, Ohio (History of Geauga and Lake Counties, Ohio, 146; U.S. Census: Chester, Geauga, Ohio, 1850).

Lyman, Richard (1794-1861), born at Lebanon, Grafton County, New Hampshire. Brother-in-law of patriarch John Smith. Married Catharine Lamson, 1815 (Family Group Records Collection).

Lyon, Winsor Palmer (1809-1849), army physician; born at Orwell, Addison County, Vermont. Married Sylvia Porter Sessions at Far West, Caldwell County, Missouri, in 1838. Officer in the Nauvoo Legion. Converted to Mormonism at Nauvoo, Illinois in 1846. Died at Iowa City, Iowa (Black, Membership, 28:864-65; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 10:415)

M

Marks, William (1792-1872), born at Rutland, Rutland County, Vermont. Living in Portage, Allegany County, New York, when he was converted to Mormonism about 1835. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1837, where he published the Messenger and Advocate for a time. Appointed to the Kirtland high council and as agent to bishop Newel K. Whitney, 1837. President of Kirtland Stake in 1838, and Nauvoo Stake in 1839. Elected alderman at Nauvoo, 1841. Member of the Council of Fifty, 1844. Left the Church after the death of Joseph Smith. Counselor to James J. Strang, 1847-50; joined with Charles B. Thompson in organizing a church about 1852, but left Thompson in 1853. Assisted in the founding of the Reorganized LDS Church in 1860. Appointed counselor to Joseph Smith III in 1863. Died at Plano, Kendall County, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 230-31).

Marsh, Thomas B. (1799-1866), born at Acton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Married Elizabeth Godkin, 1820. Converted to Mormonism in 1830. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1831 and Jackson County, Missouri in 1832. Among those expelled from Jackson County in 1833. Member of the Clay County, Missouri high council, 1834. Named president of the Quorum of Twelve at its inception in 1835. Marsh left the Church in 1838 and remained in Missouri, but returned to the Church in Utah in 1857. Settled at Spanish Fork, where he taught school. Died at Ogden, Utah (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:74-76; Cook, Revelations, 42-43; The Deseret Weekly 8 [1858]:18).

Matthias, Robert (1788-1841), alias Joshua the Jewish minister. Joiner and merchant; born at Cambridge, Washington County, New York. Resided at Albany in 1830 with his wife and family of five. A religious eccentric who claimed to be God the Father reincarnated in the body of Matthias, the ancient apostle. In 1830 he prophesied the destruction of Albany. Taught that no man who shaved could be a true Christian. Left Albany and his family to embark on a grand apostolic preaching tour through the East and South. Upon his return to New York, he joined with kindred spirits Elijah Pierson and Benjamin T. Folger. He was described as "one of the most striking figures in the New York of the early Thirties." Committed to the hospital for the insane at Bellevue for a time. Brought to trial in April 1835 at White Plains, New York, on murder charges following the death, in August 1834, of Mr. Pierson after he ate blackberries prepared by Matthias. Matthias was acquitted of the murder charge but confined in jail three months for brutality on a charge of beating his daughter with a whip. Little is known of Matthias after his visit with Joseph Smith at Kirtland, Ohio, in 1835. An 1839 newspaper reported that the people of Little Rock, Arkansas, had seized him, shaved his beard, and threatened him with a closer shave by "Dr. Lynch" if he did not leave town (Gilbert Seldes, The Stammering Century, 118-31; Alton Commercial Gazette, 19 February 1839; Parkin, "The Nature and Causes," 244-47; Stone, Matthias and his Impostures; Faulring, "Prophet Meets Prophet;" The trial is reported in the "Trial of Matthias," New York Evening Post, 17, 18, 20 April 1835).

McAllister, Samuel (1774-1865). Living at Mount Pleasant, Ontario, Canada in the 1830s. Father of Eliza McAllister Nickerson (Family Group Records Collection).

McBride, Reuben (1803-1891) was born at Chester, Washington County, New York. Married Mary Ann Anderson, 1833. Baptized in 1834. Participated later that year in the march of Zion's Camp. Resided at Kirtland, Ohio, 1836-48 to oversee Church interests there after the departure of the main body of the Saints in 1838. Migrated to Utah, 1850. Returned to Kirtland in 1851 and led a remnant of Church members to Utah the next year. Settled at Fillmore, Millard County, Utah, 1852. Member of Millard Stake high council. Missionary in England, 1867. Died at Fillmore (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:690; Deseret Evening News, 9 March 1891).

McFall, Hugh (c1799-?), carpenter; born in Pennsylvania. Located in Ohio by 1834 and in Illinois about 1840. Purchased land north of Nauvoo, in 1841. Member of the Nauvoo city council prior to 1842. In 1844 he was adjutant general of the Nauvoo Legion. Living in Noxubee County, Mississippi by 1847 (U.S. Census: Hancock County, Illinois, 1840; North Township, Noxubee County, Mississippi, 1850).

McLellin, William E. (1806-1883), school teacher; born in Smith County, Tennessee. Joined the Church in Missouri, 1831. Excommunicated and reinstated, 1832. Married Emeline Miller, 1832. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-38. Left the Church in Missouri, 1838. Attempted to organize a new church in Kirtland, Ohio, 1847. Published Ensign of Liberty at Kirtland, Ohio, 1847-49. Joined Hedrickites, 1869. Died at Independence, Missouri (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:82-83; Cook, Revelations, 106-7).

McRae, Alexander (1807-1891), tailor; born in Anson County, North Carolina. Served five years in U.S. Army. Converted to Mormonism in Indiana in 1837. Militia captain in Missouri. Incarcerated with Joseph Smith and others at Liberty, Missouri, 1838-39. Assisted in the defense of Nauvoo, Illinois, 1845-46. Sheriff of Pottawattamie County, Iowa. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1852. Bishop of the Eleventh Ward, 1857-91. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:620).

McWithey, Isaac (ca.1786-1851) and family of four were living in Bennington, Genessee County, New York, in 1830, and in Kirtland, Ohio, in 1835. Appointed to Missouri high council, 1836. Back in Kirtland by 1840 (History of the Church, 2:367; U.S. Census: Genessee County, New York, 1830; Sherman, Lake County, Ohio, Cemetery Inscriptions, 29).

Miles, Daniel Sanborn (1772-1845), born at Sanbornton, Belknap County, New Hampshire. Converted to Mormonism in 1832. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1836. Ordained a President of the First Quorum of Seventy, 1837. Located with the Saints in Missouri and Illinois. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:192; Cook, Revelations, 267).

Miles, Joel S. (c1816-?), carpenter; born in Vermont. Converted to Mormonism in New York by Orson Pratt in 1834. Resided in Ohio and Missouri before settling in Illinois. Accompanied Joseph Smith to Monmouth, Illinois, 1841. Hancock County constable in 1844. Among those arrested for destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor in 1844. Living in Bexar County, Texas, in 1850 (History of the Church, 4:366; 6:286, 360, 487-88, 599; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:536-37; U.S. Census: Bexar County, Texas, 1850).

Millet, Artemus (1790-1874), builder, farmer, stone mason. Born at Westmoreland, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Married Ruth Granis, 1815. Converted to Mormonism by Brigham Young, 1833. Resident of Kirtland, Ohio, 1834-38. Worked on Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. Crossed plains to Utah, 1850. Resided at Manti; president of high council. Died at Scipio, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; Artemus Millet, Autobiography).

Milliken, Arthur (1789-1882), clerk, saddler, harness maker; born at Scarboro, Cumberland County, Maine. Married Joseph Smith's youngest sister, Lucy, at Nauvoo, Illinois, 1840. Wounded in the Crooked River battle in Missouri, 1838. Captain in the Nauvoo Legion. Employed as scribe for William Smith in recording patriarchal blessings. He and his wife cared for Joseph Smith's widowed mother for several years. Worked in railroad and mining offices at Colchester, Illinois (Family Group Records Collection; Anderson, "What Were Joseph Smith's Sisters Like?"; The Saints' Herald 29:180; Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine 26: 152).

Milliken, Nathaniel (1793-1874), farmer; born at Buxton, York County, Maine. A cousin of Arthur Milliken. Married Mary F. Hayes, 1819. Died at Kirtland, Ohio (Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Lake County, Ohio, 1850, 1870; Black, Membership, 31:135-36.).

Miller, George (1794-1856), farmer, carpenter; born near Stanardville, Orange County, Virginia. Married Mary Catherine Fry about 1826. Lived in Kentucky, Louisiana, and Virginia before moving to McDonough County, Illinois in the early 1830s. Converted to Mormonism in 1839. Ordained a bishop at Nauvoo in 1840. Served as captain and colonel in the Nauvoo Legion, 1841, and as brigadier general in 1842. President of the high priests at Nauvoo, 1841. A trustee of the Nauvoo House Association, 1841. Supervised the Wisconsin lumber operation to supply wood for Nauvoo construction, 1842-44. Appointed to the Council of Fifty, 1844. Elected to Nauvoo city council, 1845. Started west with Mormon pioneers in 1846. Rejected Brigham Young's leadership; excommunicated 1848. Associated with Lyman Wight in Texas and James Strang in Michigan, 1847-56. Died in Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 268-69; Cook, "ÔA More Virtuous Man Never Existed").

Mitchill, Samuel Latham (1764-1831), physician, U.S. senator and representative. Born at North Hempstead, Long Island. Educated in the classics; studied medicine, law, chemistry. Graduated from the University of Edinburgh, 1786. Professor of natural history, chemistry, and agriculture at Columbia College, 1793-95. Married Catherine Akerly, 1799. Elected to the US Congress in 1801; served in the House 1801-1804, 1810-1813, and Senate, 1804-1809. Assisted in founding the New York Literary and Philosophical Society, 1814; Lyceum of Natural History, 1817; and Rutgers Medical College, 1826. Characterized as a "living encyclopedia," he was a prolific writer in the field of science and medicine. Advocated the name "Fredonia" for the United States. Died at New York City (Kimball, "The Anthon Transcript"; Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 13:69-71).

Moffet, Levi (1800-1857), miller; born in Oppenheim, Montgomery County, New York. Married Elizabeth Keck in Ohio in 1824. Led colonists and founded Augusta, Des Moines County, Iowa, in 1835. Established first mill in Iowa. In 1842, with Dan Jones, built the Mississippi River steamboat Maid of Iowa, later purchased by Joseph Smith. To gold fields of California and back to Iowa, 1849-50. Died in Iowa (Perkins, Portrait and Biographical Album, 512-14) .

Morey, George (1803-1875), born at Pittsford, Monroe County, New York. Living in Vermillion County, Indiana, in 1830. Married Sylvia Butterfield. Member of the Missouri high council, 1837-38. Constable at Nauvoo, Illinois, 1841. Left the Church, 1844, and moved to Brown County, Illinois. Settled at Hamilton, Decatur County, Iowa, in 1852; presided over the RLDS Church there. Died at Hamilton (History of the Church, 2:504; Biographical and Historical Record, 682; History of the Reorganized Church, 3:238, 252, 276, 339; 4:129).

Morley, Isaac (1786-1865), farmer, cooper. Born at Montague, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Married Lucy Gunn, 1812. Settled at Kirtland, Ohio, 1812. Veteran of the War of 1812. One of first converts to Mormonism in Kirtland. Migrating Saints settled on his farm. Appointed counselor to Bishop Edward Partridge in Missouri, 1831. Among those driven from Jackson County, Missouri, 1833. President of the LDS community at Lima, Hancock County, Illinois, 1840. Crossed the plains to Utah, 1848. Member of Salt Lake high council, 1849; and Utah territorial legislature, 1851-55. Led initial settlement of Latter-day Saints in Sanpete Valley, Utah, 1849, and presided at Manti, 1849-53. Died at Fairview, Sanpete County, Utah (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:235-36; Cook, Revelations, 79-80; Morley, "The Life and Contributions of Isaac Morley").

Morrison, Thomas (1817-1849), lawyer; born in Tennessee. Moved to Carthage, Illinois, in 1840, where he practiced law and was justice of the peace. Elected to the Illinois legislature, 1846. Died of consumption at Carthage (Gregg, History of Hancock County, 418; Warsaw Signal, 21 April 1849).

Morton, John (1790-1858), born at Portsmouth, Rockingham County, New Hampshire. Converted to Mormonism at Mendon, New York in 1832. Counselor in the elder's quorum at Kirtland, Ohio 1836, and president, 1838-40. (Temple Records Index Bureau; Cook and Backman, Kirtland Elders Quorum Records, 95.)

Murdock, John (1792-1871), farmer; born at Kortright, Delaware County, New York. Married Julia Clapp, 1823. A Campbellite in Ohio when converted to Mormonism in 1830. Wife died following the birth of twins on 30 April 1831. The twins, Joseph and Julia, were adopted by Joseph and Emma Smith. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Appointed to Clay County, Missouri, high council, 1834. Bishop of a Nauvoo ward, 1842-44. Arrived with Mormon pioneers in Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Appointed bishop of Salt Lake City Fourteenth Ward, 1849. Missionary to Australia, 1851-53. Settled at Lehi, Utah, 1854-67. Died at Beaver, Beaver County, Utah (Cook, Revelations, 80; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:362-64).

N

Nickerson, Eleazer Freeman (1806-1862), merchant; born at Cavendish, Windsor County, Vermont. Son of Freeman Nickerson (1779-1847) and Huldah Chapman (1780-1860). Merchant living in Mt. Pleasant, Ontario, Canada, in the early 1830s. Married Eliza McAllister, 1831 (Family Group Records Collection; International Genealogical Index; Gates, Lydia Knight's History, 13-18).

Nickerson, Eliza McAllister (1811-1835), born in Canada. Daughter of Samuel McAllister (1774-1865) and Elizabeth (1774-1865). Married Eleazer Freeman Nickerson at Woodhouse, Norfolk, Ontario, Canada, in 1831. (Family Group Records Collection; International Genealogical Index).

Nickerson, Moses Chapman (1804-1871), merchant; born at Cavendish, Windsor County, Vermont. Son of Freeman Nickerson (1779-1847) and Huldah Chapman (1780-1860). Merchant living in Mt. Pleasant, Ontario, Canada, in the early 1830s. Selected counselor to John Smith in the Iowa Stake, 1841 (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church 4:352; Gates, Lydia Knight's History, 16).

Noble, Joseph Bates (1810-1900), farmer, miller, stockraiser. Born at Egremont, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Joined the Latter-day Saints in New York, 1832. Married Mary Beman, 1834. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. In August 1841 he was named counselor to Elias Smith in the Iowa Stake. Later that year he moved to Nauvoo and was appointed bishop of the fifth ward. He performed the marriage that joined his sister-in-law, Louisa Beman, to Joseph Smith in April 1841. Crossed plains to Utah, 1847. Counselor to Bishop Edward Hunter in the Salt Lake City Thirteenth Ward. Moved to Bountiful, Davis County, Utah, 1862. Member of the Davis Stake high council. Died at Bear Lake, Idaho (Joseph B. Noble Autobiography; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:691; Jenson, Historical Record, 6: 237-40; Black, Membership 32:762-71).

O

Olney, Oliver (1796-?), born at Eastford, Windham County, Connecticut; residing at Shalersville, Portage County, Ohio, in 1830. Married Else Johnson, 1820. President of the teachers quorum in Kirtland, 1836-38. Excommunicated at Nauvoo for claiming to be a prophet, 1842. Published an expose on polygamy in St. Louis, 1845. Died in Iowa. By 1850 Olney children were living with their maternal grandfather, John Johnson, in Hiram, Portage County, Ohio, indicating Oliver's possible death prior to that time (Family Group Records Collection; Olney, Genealogy, 40; History of the Church, 2:371; 4:552; Hawley, "Cemetery Records of Lake County," 11).

Orton, Roger (1799-1851), born in New York. Brother of Amos R. Norton. Married Clarissa Bicknell about 1822. Joined the Church in the early 1830s. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Appointed to the high council at Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. Excommunicated in 1837. Living in Lee County, Iowa, in 1850, where he died (Orton, An Account of the Descendants of Thomas Orton, 49-51, 74-76; U.S. Census: Lee County, Iowa, 1850).

P

Packard, Noah (1796-1860), farmer, miner; born at Plainfield, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Married Sophia Bundy, 1820. Living in Parkman, Geauga County, Ohio, when converted to Mormonism, 1832. Proselyting in the eastern states, 1833. Appointed president of Parkman Branch, 1833. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1836-38. Counselor in the high priest's quorum at Nauvoo, Illinois, 1841-46. Worked in Wisconsin lead mines, 1846-50. Crossed plains to Utah in 1850. Settled at Springville, Utah, 1851 (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:684; Cook, Revelations, 269-70).

Page, John E. (1799-1867), born at Trenton, Oneida County, New York. Joined the Latter-day Saints, 1833. Married Lorain Stevens, 1833. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1835. Baptized some six hundred during proselyting mission to Canada in 1835-36. Led Canadian converts to Missouri and was appointed to the Council of Twelve in 1838. Moved to Warsaw, Hancock County, Illinois. Failed to accompany Orson Hyde on a mission to the Middle East in 1840. Preaching in eastern states, 1841-42. Moved to Nauvoo, Illinois, 1842. Presided over the Church in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and published The Gospel Light there, 1842-44. Excommunicated in 1846. Resided in Walworth County, Wisconsin and DeKalb County, Illinois, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 232-33).

Palmer, Ambrose (c1852-1837), manufacturer. Married Susannah Clark. Living in Vernon, Trumbull County, Ohio, 1807-1810. Officer in the War of 1812. Laid out the village of New Portage, Summit County, Ohio, in 1818 and was elected justice of the peace. Established a glass factory in New Portage, which failed in 1823. After joining the Latter-day Saints in the early 1830s, he became presiding elder of the Church at New Portage. Evidently died in Missouri (Perrin., History of Summit County, Ohio, 587; History of the Church, 2:317).

Parker, John Davis (1799-1891), farmer, wagonwright; born at Saratoga, Saratoga County, New York. Served in the War of 1812. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. A member of the First Quorum of the Seventy after participating in trek of Zion's Camp in 1834. Numbered with Kirtland Camp, 1838. Proselyting in Louisiana, 1841-42. Helped guard Joseph Smith during his 1842 exile. Married Almeda Sophia Roundy, daughter of Shadrach Roundy, 1846, in Nauvoo, Illinois. Crossed the plains to Utah, 1852. Served in the Utah territorial legislature. Died at Kanarra, Iron County, Utah (Black, Membership, 34:778-82; Deseret News, 21 March 1891; Esshom, Pioneers and Prominent Men, 1086).

Parks, Hiram G., Ray County, Missouri, treasurer in 1835, and one of the original trustees when the town was incorporated that same year. In 1838 he was commander of the Second Brigade of David Atchison's Third Division of Missouri militia (History of Ray County, 256; 384; Missouri, Document Containing the Correspondence, Orders, &c., 32).

Parrish, Warren (1803-1887), brother-in-law of David Patten; born in New York. Residing at Alexandria, Jefferson County, New York, in 1830. Baptized by Brigham Young, May 1833. Participant in march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Married Martha H. Raymond, 1835. Proselyting in Kentucky and Tennessee with Wilford Woodruff, 1835-36. Member of the First Quorum of Seventy. Engaged in clerical work for Joseph Smith, 1835-36. Treasurer of Kirtland Safety Society, 1836. In 1837 he renounced his Church membership and led dissenters against Joseph Smith. Clergyman living at Mendon, Monroe County, New York in 1850. In 1870 he was insane, residing at Emporia, Lyon County, Kansas, where he died. (History of the Church, 2:184, 203, 293, 484-86, 528; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 5:333-34; US Census: Jefferson County, New York, 1830; Geauga County, Ohio, 1840; Lyon County, Kansas, 1870; Lyon County, Kansas, cemetery records, 104).

Partridge, Edward (1793-1840), hatter. Born at Pittsfield, Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Married Lydia Clisbee, 1819. Living in Painesville, Ohio, when converted by Mormon missionaries in 1830. Named first bishop in the Church, 1831. Called to oversee settlement of the Saints in Zion (Jackson County, Missouri), 1831. Victim of mob violence in Jackson County, 1833. Proselyting in the eastern states and New England, 1835. Witnessed the expulsion of the Saints from Missouri in 1838 and was himself jailed. Appointed bishop of the Nauvoo Upper Ward, 1839. Died at Nauvoo (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:218-22; Cook, Revelations, 53-54).

Patten, David W. (1799-1838), farmer. Born in Vermont. Living in Monroe County, Michigan, when he married Phoebe Ann Babcock, 1828. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Proselyting in eastern states, 1832-33 and in Tennessee with Warren Parrish, 1834. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-1838. Killed in the battle at Crooked River, Ray County, during the Missouri difficulties in October 1838 (Cook, Revelations, 226; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:76-80; "History of David Patten," The Deseret Weekly 8 (1858): 18-19).

Peck, Hezekiah (1782-1850), millwright; brother of Polly Peck, who married Joseph Knight, Sr. Born at Guilford, Windham County, Vermont. Married Martha Long. Living at Bainbridge, Chenango County, New York, in 1830 when converted to Mormonism. Moved to Jackson County, Missouri, 1831. Named counselor to Bishop John Corrill in Missouri, 1833. Counselor in the priest's quorum at Nauvoo, 1841. Bishop of Nauvoo Tenth ward, 1844. Died at Jackson, Andrew County, Missouri (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 27:78; History of the Church, 1:88, 363; 4:312; 7: 298; U.S. Census: Chenango County, New York, 1830; Porter, "Origins of the Church," 212; Hartley, They Are My Friends, passim).

Peck, Reed (1814-1894), millwright; born in New York. Son of Hezekiah Peck. Member of the Colesville, New York, branch of the Church. Became disaffected from the church in Missouri. Excommunicated in 1839. Wrote a lengthy account of his Missouri experience. Living in Cortlandville, Cortland County, New York in 1850. Died at Afton, Chengango County (Black, Membership, 34:327-28; U.S. Census: Cortlandville, Cortland, New York, 1850; Hartley, "They Are My Friends," 67, 130, 136).

Peixotto, Daniel Levy Maduro (1800-1843), physician, author, linguist. Born at Amsterdam, Holland. Came to New York City in 1807. When Gershom Seixas, father of Joshua Seixas, died while serving as rabbi of the Congregation Shearith Israel, Daniel's father, Moses, succeeded him. Married Rachel M. Seixas, cousin of Joshua Seixas, 1823. Received his M.D. and M.A. degrees from Columbia College, 1819 and 1825. Pioneer in the field of preventive medicine. Physician at the New York City Dispensary; lectured on abdominal diseases and complaints of females. President of the New York County Medical Society, 1830-32. Advocate of reform of faulty medical practices. Helped in founding of Academy of Medicine. Member of Washington Masonic lodge. Editor of The New York Medical and Physical Journal, first quarterly medical journal printed in English language. In 1836 he was called to the presidency of the Willoughby Medical College and moved to Cleveland, Ohio. Later returned to New York, where he died. (Kagan, Jewish Contributions to Medicine in America, 10-12; Hays, "Daniel L. M. Peixotto, M.D" ).

When Joseph Smith met him, Peixotto was Professor of Theory and Practice of Physics and Obstetrics at Willoughby Medical College (Zucker, "Joseph Smith as a Student of Hebrew," 44; History of Geauga and Lake Counties, Ohio, 40).

Perry, William Chadwick (1812-1893), born at Madison, Madison County, New York. Father's family moved to Middlebury, Genesee County, 1815. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Married Eliza Brown, 1835. Worked on the temple at Kirtland, Ohio. Perry and family of four were among those who migrated to Missouri with the Kirtland Camp in 1838. Member of Second Quorum of Seventy. Alternate high councilman in Nauvoo (Perry, Perry Family History, 1:14-19; History of the Church, 3:92).

Phelps, Sally Waterman (1797-1874), born at Franklin, Delaware County, New York. Wife of William W. Phelps. Mother of ten children. Died in Salt Lake City, Utah (Esshom, Pioneers, 1104; Journal History, 2 January 1874).

Phelps, William Wines (1792-1872), newspaper editor. Born at Dover, Morris County, New Jersey. Married Sally Waterman, 1815. One of founders of New York anti-Masonic movement. Converted to Mormonism in New York, 1831. After arriving in Kirtland, Ohio in 1831, he assisted in Church printing. Editor of The Evening and the Morning Star at Independence, Missouri. Published Book of Commandments; assisted in compiling 1835 Doctrine and Covenants and first LDS hymn book. Counselor to David Whitmer in the Missouri Church presidency, 1834. Assisted Joseph Smith as a secretary. Participated in writing of the history of the Church and was clerk of the Nauvoo Municipal Court. Left the Church in 1838, but returned in 1840. Appointed as a "lawyer in Israel." Came to Utah in 1849. Elected to the territorial legislative assembly, 1851. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 3:692-97; Cook, Revelations, 87-88; Van Orden, "William W. Phelps's").

Pope, Nathaniel (1784-1850), born in Louisville, Kentucky. Brother of Kentucky senator John Pope and father of Civil War general, John Pope. After studying law, he moved to Kaskaskia, Illinois, where he was appointed secretary of the newly organized Illinois Territory. Served as territorial delegate to Congress, 1816-1818. Drew up resolution for admission of Illinois to the Union. His influence established the northern border of Illinois to include Chicago and an outlet to Lake Michigan. Appointed federal district judge for Illinois in 1819, a position he held until his death. Presiding judge in the Illinois U.S. District Court hearing in the case of the efforts of Missouri to extradite Joseph Smith for alleged involvement in the attempted killing of Missouri ex-Governor Lilburn Boggs, 1843. Unsuccessful candidate to fill U.S. Senate vacancy in 1824. Vainly sought an appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1826. Died in St. Louis (Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 8:77-78).

Pratt, Orson (1811-1881), writer, teacher, surveyor, historian. Born at Hartford, Washington County, New York. Younger brother of Parley Pratt. After joining the Church, he left Kirtland, Ohio, with Lyman Johnson in February 1832 on missionary assignment in the East. Returned in February 1833 after traveling 4000 miles, baptizing 104 people, and organizing several branches of the Church. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Council of Twelve, 1835-81. Married Sarah Marinda Bates, 1836. Elected to Nauvoo, Illinois, city council, 1843. Entered Salt Lake Valley with Mormon pioneers, 1847. Engaged in extensive missionary, publication, and supervisory work for the Church in the eastern United States and Europe, 1848-60. Member of Utah territorial legislature and speaker of the House. Appointed Church historian, 1874. Died at Salt Lake City (Deseret News Weekly, 9 June 1858; Cook, Revelations, 49-51; England, The Life and Thought of Orson Pratt).

Pratt, Parley Parker (1807-1857), farmer, editor, legislator. Elder brother of Orson Pratt. Born at Burlington, Otsego County, New York. Married Thankful Halsey, 1827. Participant in Lamanite mission to Missouri, 1830. Traveled to Missouri with Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Quroum of Twelve, 1835-57. Jailed at Richmond and Columbia, Missouri, during difficulties of 1838-39. Missions to England, 1840-42, 1846-47; president of the British Mission, 1841-42. A prolific writer; edited The Latter-day Saints' Millennial Star, 1840. Directed affairs of the Church in New York City, 1844-45. Returned to Utah, 1847. Led exploration party into southern Utah, 1850. Mission to South America, 1851-52. Murdered at Van Buren, Crawford County, Arkansas (Pratt, Autobiography; Cook, Revelations, 46-47; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:83-85).

Price, Sterling (1809-1867), born in Prince Edward County, Virginia. Moved to Chariton County, Missouri, in 1831 and engaged in merchandising and farming. In the conflict with the Mormons in Missouri in 1838, a contingent of Missouri militia under Price guarded Mormon prisoners, including Joseph Smith, from Independence, Jackson County to Richmond, Ray County, and was involved in guard duty at the Richmond court of inquiry in November. Elected to the state legislature and chosen speaker of the house, 1840. Elected to the U.S. Congress in 1844 but resigned his seat in 1846 to participate in the Mexican War. His service brought him a commission of brigadier general. Beginning in 1852 he served a term as governor of Missouri. His influence placed Missouri on the side of the South in the Civil War. Commanded Confederate forces in a series of defeats. Died at St. Louis. (Conard, Encyclopedia of the History of Missouri, 5:229-31).

R

Ralston, James H. (1807-1864), lawyer; born in Bourbon County, Kentucky. Moved to Quincy, Adams County, Illinois, where he practiced law. Fought in the Black Hawk War. Represented his district in the lower house of the state legislature. Served as circuit judge, 1837-39. Elected to the state senate, 1841. Employed as legal counsel to Joseph Smith in Nauvoo. During the Mexican War he commanded the garrison at the Alamo at San Antonio, Texas. After the war he moved to California, where he served in the first state senate. In 1856 he was an unsuccessful candidate for chief justice of California. Moved to Nevada in 1860. Died near Austin (Wilcox, Quincy and Adams County, 144-45; Oaks and Hill, Carthage Conspiracy, 92-93).

Rappleye, Tunis (1807-1883), farmer; born at Ovid, Seneca County, New York. Married Louisa Elizabeth Cutler, 1836. Teamster for Brigham Young during the Mormon exodus from Nauvoo to Salt Lake Valley. Also employed as Brigham Young's head gardener. Missionary in the eastern states. Served in the Utah militia protecting settlements from Indians. Resided many years at Kanosh, Millard County, Utah, where he died (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 2:791).

Rathbun, Robert (1799-1856), blacksmith; born in New York. Brother-in-law of George Miller. Baptist minister in Mantua, Portage County, Ohio in 1830, when the Lamanite missionaries preached at his house. Among the first LDS emigrants to Independence, Missouri. Living at Haun's Mill at the time of the massacre, in which his son was wounded, 1838. Died in Van Buren County, Iowa (The Saints' Herald 39 [9 July 1892]: 491-92, 508-09; U.S. Census: Van Buren County, Iowa, 1850; Van Buren County, Iowa, Probate Records, 1856).

Raymond, Martha H. (1804-1875), born in Massachusetts. Married Warren Parrish, 1835. Living in Emporia, Lyon County, Kansas, 1870, where she died (U.S. Census: Emporia, Lyon County, Kansas, 1870; Lyon County, Kansas, cemetery records, 104).

Redfield, David Harvey (1807-1879), farmer, merchant. Born at Herkimer, Herkimer County, New York. Had joined the Latter-day Saints by 1831. Married Fanny McAtherton, 1837. Traveled from Ohio to Missouri with the Kirtland Camp in 1838. Petitioned Missouri authorities, including Governor Boggs, in behalf of the Mormon people during the difficulties of 1838. One of those charged with riot in the destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor in 1844. Crossed the plains to Salt Lake Valley, 1848. By 1854 he was living in Nicolaus, Sutter County, California, where he was county coroner, and where he evidently died (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 3:234-35; 6:487ff; Black, Membership, 36:235-37; Redfield, Genealogical History of the Redfield Family, 144, 242; History of Sutter County, California, 77; U.S. Census: Sutter County, California, 1860, 1870).

Rees, Amos, Clay County, Missouri, prosecuting attorney, 1831-1834. In 1835 was one of the county's five practicing lawyers. Attorney for Missouri's Fifth Judicial Circuit, 1831-37. Later moved to Platte City, Missouri, and after that, to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where he was a prominent lawyer. He played a key role in the founding of Leavenworth, as one of three trustees of the Town Company that parceled the land for settlement following the treaty with the Delaware Indians. Information furnished by Rees and Wiley Williams was an immediate cause for the issuance of the Governor Boggs extermination order against the Mormons in Missouri in 1838. At the time, Rees was a major in the Ray County Militia (Woodson, History of Clay County, 330; Moore, Early History of Leavenworth, 23, 255).

Rich, Leonard (1800-1856), farmer; born in New York. Residing at Warsaw, Genesee County, New York, in 1830. One of the Presidents of the Seventy, 1835-37. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Left the Church and was living in Kirtland, Ohio after 1845. Wife's name was Keziah. Died at Kirtland (Family Group Records Collection; History of the Church, 2:184, 203; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:189-90; Black, Membership, 36:582-83; U. S. Census: Genesee County, New York, 1830; Lake County, Ohio, 1850; Kirtland, Ohio, cemetery record, 18).

Richards, Jennetta (1817-1845), born in Lancashire, England. Married Willard Richards in England in 1838. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Black, Membership, 36:633).

Richards, Levi (1799-1876), teacher, mechanic, physician; born at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Brother of Willard Richards. Musician in the Massachusetts militia in 1817. Converted to Mormonism in 1836. Migrated to Missouri. Missionary in England, 1840-43, 1848-53. Appointed to the Nauvoo city council. Surgeon general of the Nauvoo Legion. Personal physician to Joseph Smith. Married Sarah Griffith, 1843. Settled in Salt Lake City, 1853, where he died. Ordained a patriarch, 1873. (Whitney, History of Utah, 4: 445.)

Richards, Willard (1804-1854), medical doctor. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Converted to Mormonism in 1836. Missionary to England, 1837-41. Married Jennetta Richards in England in 1838. Ordained to the Quorum of Twelve, 1840. Elected to the Nauvoo city council, 1841. Served as temple recorder, recorder of the city council, clerk of the municipal court, Church historian, and private secretary to Joseph Smith. He was with Joseph and Hyrum Smith when they were killed in the jail at Carthage, Illinois, 1844. Accompanied the Mormon pioneers to Utah in 1847. Appointed second counselor to Brigham Young in the Church Presidency, 1847. Secretary of Utah territory, postmaster of Salt Lake City, and editor of the Deseret News. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:53-56; Bitton and Arrington, Mormons and their Historians, 1-14).

Rigdon, Nancy (1822-1887), born at Pittsburgh, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Lived with her family in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois. Married Robert Ellis, 1846. Died in Pittsburgh (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 27:161-62; Hess, "Collected Materials Relative to Sidney Rigdon").

Rigdon, Sidney (1793-1876), tanner, farmer; Campbellite minister. Born at St. Clair, Alleghany County, Pennsylvania. Married Phoebe Brook, 1820. Converted by Mormon missionaries at Mentor, Ohio, in November 1830. Scribe for Joseph Smith. Accompanied the Prophet to Upper Canada on proselyting mission and helped keep his diary during the trip, 1833. Counselor in Church Presidency, 1833-44. With Joseph in jail at Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, 1838-39. Accompanied Joseph to Washington, D.C., to seek redress of Missouri grievances, 1839. Member of Nauvoo City Council; postmaster of Nauvoo. Claimed right to lead the Church after death of the Prophet; excommunicated, 1844. Moved to Pittsburgh, where he became the leader of a schismatic group opposed to the practice of plural marriage, 1844. Moved to Antrim, Franklin County, Pennsylvania, in 1845, and in 1847 to Friendship, Allegany County, New York, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 52-53; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:31-34; McKiernan, The Voice of One Crying in the Wilderness; Chase, "Sidney Rigdon;" Gregory, "Sidney Rigdon: Post Nauvoo").

Riggs, Harpin (1809-1865), born at New Haven, Connecticut. Married Malinda Hanson in 1835. Died at Mt. Pleasant, Henry County, Iowa (Black, Membership, 26:905-06).

Ripley, Alanson (1798-?), surveyor, member of Zion's Camp, 1834. Among Latter-day Saints accused of crimes at the Richmond, Ray County, Missouri, hearing in November 1838. Appointed bishop in the Iowa Stake, 1839. Named surveyor of Nauvoo in 1841. Living in Pike County, Illinois in 1850 (History of the Church 2:184; 4:12, 308; U.S. Census, Pike County, Illinois, 1850).

Robinson, Ebenezer (1816-1891), printer. Born at Floyd, Oneida County, New York. Learned printing trade in Utica, New York, and Ravenna, Ohio. Came to Kirtland, Ohio, in May 1835 and began work in the printing office. Church clerk and recorder, and clerk of the Missouri high council, 1838. Publisher, associate editor, and editor of the Times and Seasons, 1839-42. Hancock County justice of the peace, 1842. Left Nauvoo and affiliated with Sidney Rigdon in the east for a time after the death of Joseph Smith. Moved to Iowa and joined the Reorganized Church, 1863. Became a follower of David Whitmer in 1888. Published The Return, a publication of Whitmer's Church of Christ, 1889-1891 (Robinson, "Items of Personal History"; Wilcox, The Latter Day Saints on the Missouri Frontier, 279-280; History of the Church 5:18).

Robinson, George W. (1814-1878), merchant, clothier, miller, banker. Born at Pawlet, Rutland County, Vermont. Married Athalia Rigdon, oldest daughter of Sidney Rigdon, 1837. In September 1837 elected general Church recorder to replace Oliver Cowdery. Sustained as general Church recorder and clerk to the First Presidency at Far West, Missouri, in April 1838. Imprisoned with Joseph Smith and other Church leaders at Liberty, Missouri, 1838. First postmaster at Commerce, later Nauvoo, Illinois, 1839. Helped establish the Nauvoo Agricultural and Manufacturing Association, 1841. Left the Church, 1842. Moved to Friendship, Allegany County, New York, 1847. Founded First National Bank there, 1864. Died at Friendship (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:252-53; History of the Church, 6:464; Hess, "Collected Materials Relative to Sidney Rigdon").

Rockwell, Orrin Porter (1813-1878), scout, pioneer, frontiersman, lawman, rancher. Born at Belchertown, Hampshire County, Massachusetts. Porter was four years old when the family moved to Manchester, New York, where he befriended Joseph Smith. Among the first converts to Mormonism. Went to Missouri in 1831 and experienced the difficulties there. Married Luana Beebe, 1832. Assisted in Mormon exodus from Missouri, 1839. Accompanied Joseph Smith to Washington, D.C., to seek redress for Missouri wrongs, 1839-40. Accused, imprisoned, and later acquitted in the 1842 assassination attempt of former Missouri Governor Lilburn Boggs. Scout and hunter for the Mormon pioneers crossing the plains, 1846-47. Deputy marshal in Utah, 1849-78. Died at Salt Lake City (Schindler, Orrin Porter Rockwell; Dewey, Porter Rockwell; Van Alfen, "The Trusted Messenger," Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 15:375-89; Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 26:154-56).

Rogers, David White (1787-1881), fur trapper, chair and cabinetmaker, farmer, lumberman; born at Morristown, Merrimack County, New Hampshire. The family lived in Montreal, Canada, and Chautauqua County, New York, before moving to New York City in 1830. Converted to Mormonism in 1837. Assisted in the location of the Latter-day Saints at Nauvoo. Resided in Montrose, Iowa. Arrived in Utah in 1852. Living in Provo, Utah County, by 1857, where he operated a sawmill. Elected one of the directors of the Deseret Agricultural and Manufacturing Society in 1870. Died at Provo (Black, Membership 37:489-92).

Rolfe, Samuel Jones (1794-1867), joiner, carpenter. Born at Concord, Merrimack County, New Hampshire. Married Elizabeth Hathaway, 1818. Residing in Rumford, Oxford County, Maine, when converted. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. Worked on Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. Appointed president of priests quorum in Nauvoo, 1841. Bishop at Winter Quarters, Nebraska, 1846-47. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Settled in San Bernardino, California, 1851; county treasurer, counselor in stake presidency (Family Group Records Collection; Cook, Revelations, 272-273).

Rose, Andrew (1782-1850), born at Morris Plains, Morris County, New Jersey. Lived in Canada between 1815 and 1825. Died at South Platte, Lincoln County, Nebraska, while crossing the plains to Utah (Family Group Records Collection).

Roundy, Shadrach (1788-1872), was born at Rockingham, Windham County, Vermont. Married Betsy Quimby, 1814. Family records show him in Spafford, Onondaga County, New York, between 1815 and 1831 and in Willoughby, Ohio, between 1834 and 1838. Converted to Mormonism, 1831. Member of Nauvoo, Illinois, bishopric, and Nauvoo Legion, 1841; policeman, 1843. A bodyguard to Joseph Smith. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Member of Salt Lake high council, 1847-48. Bishop of the Salt Lake City Sixteenth Ward, 1849-56. Died at Salt Lake City (Cook, Revelations, 273; History of the Church, 2:298).

Rudd, John (1779-?), born in Bennington, Vermont. Married Rosanna Jackson. Family members were among the pioneer settlers of Springfield, Erie County, Pennsylvania. John Rudd, Sr. (1748-1830) came to Springfield in 1805 from Otsego County, New York, and settled on 350 acres of lakefront land. John, Jr. had preceded his father and others of the family to Springfield in 1802 and established a distillery. John, Sr. died in 1830. Three years later some of the family joined the Latter-day Saints. Joseph Smith stayed at the Rudd home while traveling to and from the East in 1833. In 1836 the mother, Chloe Hill Rudd, died at Independence, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. At a conference held in Kirtland, Ohio, in August 1834 to investigate charges of misconduct against Joseph Smith during the march of Zion's Camp, John, Jr. signed his name exonerating the Prophet's actions. Beyond this there appears to be no further reference to him in Church annals (Whitman, History of Erie County, Pennsylvania, 160-161; 751; Messenger and Advocate, 2:382; Evening and Morning Star, 2:182).

S

Sagers, Edward (1802-1860), gardener, horticulturist; born in England. Married Ruth Vose of Boston at St. Louis in 1841. Resided at Nauvoo, Illinois, before crossing the plains to Utah. Living in Salt Lake City in 1850 (Black, Membership 38:394-95).

Salisbury, Wilkins Jenkins (1809-1856), blacksmith. Born at Lebanon, Madison County, New York. Member of the First Quorum of the Seventy. He married Joseph Smith's sister, Katherine, at Kirtland, Ohio, 1831. They had eight children. Participated in the march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Expelled from the Church for un-Christian conduct in 1836. Moved with the Church to Missouri and Illinois. Remained at Plymouth, Hancock County, Illinois, where he died (Mary Anderson, Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith, 75; McGavin, The Family of Joseph Smith, 95-108; Richard L. Anderson, "What Were Joseph Smith's Sisters Like?").

Seixas, Joshua (1802-187), Hebraist, textbook writer. Lived in New York City. Attracted attention by promising a reading knowledge of Hebrew in six weeks, classes meeting one hour a day. Taught Hebrew in New York, Philadelphia and Washington and at Princeton Theological Seminary, the Seminary at Brunswick, New Jersey, and Andover Theological Seminary. His A Manual of Hebrew Grammar for the Use of Beginners was published in 1833. In 1835 he taught at Oberlin College, Ohio. Among his students was Lorenzo Snow, whose sister Eliza had joined the Latter-day Saints and was then living in the Joseph Smith household in Kirtland, Ohio. Joseph possibly first heard of Seixas from this source, or from Daniel Peixotto, whose wife, Rachel, was Seixas's cousin. After completing the course at Oberlin, Seixas was hired for a six-week term of instruction at the Western Reserve College in Hudson, beginning in December and ending 23 January 1836. Three days later he arrived at Kirtland, where he taught Hebrew from 26 January to 29 March 1836. After returning to New York, Seixas founded the first choir of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue, where he served many years as instructor of Hebrew. He died in New York (LeRoi C. Snow, "Who Was Professor Joshua Seixas?" Zucker, "Joseph Smith as a Student of Hebrew"; Stern, First American Jewish Families, 264; Fairchild, Oberlin: The Colony and the College, 368-70).

Sherman, Lyman Royal (1804-1839), born at Monkton, Addison County, Vermont. Married Delcena Didamia Johnson, 1829. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. One of the Presidents of the Seventy, 1835-37. Appointed to Kirtland high council, 1837. Moved to Far West, Missouri, 1838. Called to apostleship in 1839 but died before he could be notified and ordained (Cook, Revelations, 217; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:190).

Sherwood, Henry Garlie (1785-1862), surveyor; born at Kingsbury, Washington County, New York. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, about 1834. Appointed to the Kirtland high council, 1837; the Nauvoo high council, 1839; and the Salt Lake Stake high council in 1849. Elected Nauvoo city marshall in 1841. Commissary general for the Mormon pioneer exodus to Utah, 1847-48. On to San Bernardino, California, in 1852. Appointed surveyor for San Bernardino County in 1853. Returned to Salt Lake City in 1856, where he was agent for the Pony Express. Died at San Bernardino, California (Cook, Revelations, 274).

Smith, Alvin (1798-1823), farmer, brother of Joseph Smith. Born at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont. After his parents moved to Palmyra, New York, from Vermont, Alvin played a prominent role in the family economy, working hard to pay for and clear land and build a home. Joseph referred to him as "the noblest of my father's family." According to his mother, Alvin died of an overdose of calomel administered by a local physician for a stomach ailment, possibly appendicitis (Lucy Smith, Biographical Sketches, 87ff; Richard L. Anderson, "The Alvin Smith Story").

Smith, Charles H. (1817-?), merchant; born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York. Married Elizabeth Booth at Nauvoo, Illinois, 1843. Living at Cincinnati, Ohio in 1850 (U.S. Census, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, 1850; Black, "Marriages in the Nauvoo Region," 66).

Smith, Don Carlos (1816-1841), farmer, printer; born at Norwich, Windsor County, Vermont. Married Agnes M. Coolbrith, 1835. President of the high priests quorum in Kirtland, Ohio, 1836, and in Nauvoo, Illinois, 1841. Managing editor of the Elder's Journal in Kirtland, 1837 and the Times and Seasons in Nauvoo, 1839-41. Member of the Nauvoo City Council, 1841. A lieutenant colonel in the Hancock County militia and brigadier general in Nauvoo Legion, 1841. He died at Nauvoo (Cook, Revelations, 274-75; History of the Church, 4:393-94; 398-99; Richard L. Anderson, "Joseph Smith's Brothers," 30).

Smith, Elijah (1776-1855), farmer; born in Connecticut. Uncle to Elizabeth Ann Smith Whitney. Died in Kirtland, Ohio (U.S. Census: Kirtland, Geauga County, Ohio, 1850; Kirtland, Ohio Cemetery Records, 21).

Smith, Emma Hale (1804-1879), born at Harmony, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania. Married Joseph Smith, 1827. Assisted her husband as scribe during early translation work on the Book of Mormon. An 1830 revelation directed her to select hymns for a Church hymn book. With her husband during the movement of the Church from New York to Illinois, 1830-39. Appointed president of the Female Relief Society at Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1842. Remained in Illinois after the death of her husband in 1844. In 1847 she married Lewis Bidamon. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 37; Newell and Avery, Mormon Enigma).

Smith, Frederick Granger Williams (1836-1862), farmer, merchant; born at Kirtland, Geauga County, Ohio. Son of Joseph Smith the Prophet. Married Annie Maria Jones, 1857. Resided at Nauvoo, Illinois, where he died (Mary Anderson, Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith and Emma Hale, 578-79; Newell and Avery, Mormon Enigma, 274-75).

Smith, George A. (1817-1875), farmer; cousin of Joseph Smith. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York. Baptized, 1832; moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1833. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Appointed to First Quorum of Seventy, 1835. Member of Council of Twelve, 1839-75. Mission to England, 1839-41. Married Bathsheba Bigler, 1841. Member of Nauvoo Legion. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley with Mormon pioneers, 1847. Directed early settlement of southern Utah. Appointed Church historian, 1854. Member of Utah Territorial Supreme Court, 1855. Counselor to Brigham Young, 1868 (The Deseret Weekly, 18 August 1858; Cook, Revelations, 275-76; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:37-42).

Smith, Hyrum (1800-1844), farmer; born at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont. Married Jerusha Barden, 1826. One of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Member of the committee to supervise construction of the temple at Kirtland, Ohio. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Appointed Second Counselor in the First Presidency, 1837. Imprisoned at Liberty, Missouri, with his brother Joseph, 1838-39. Appointed patriarch and Assistant Church President, 1841. Member of Nauvoo City Council. Among those charged in the destruction of the Nauvoo Expositor, 1844. Killed in the attack upon the jail that also took his brother Joseph's life at Carthage, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 19-20; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:52).

Smith, John (1781-1854), farmer; born at Derryfield, Rockingham County, New Hampshire. Uncle of Joseph Smith. Baptized, 1832. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1834. Presided over branches or stakes of the Church in Daviess County, Missouri, 1838; Lee County, Iowa, 1839; Ramus, Hancock County, Illinois, 1843; Nauvoo, Illinois, 1844; Salt Lake City, 1847-48. Accompanied the first Mormon pioneer company to Utah, 1847. Patriarch to the Church, 1849-54. Died at Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:182-83; Cook, Revelations, 208; Bates, "Uncle John Smith").

Smith, Joseph (1771-1840), cooper, farmer, schoolteacher, storekeeper; born at Topsfield, Essex County, Massachusetts. Father of Joseph the Prophet. Married Lucy Mack, 1796, in Tunbridge, Vermont. After three crop failures, he moved his family to Palmyra, New York, in 1816. One of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1831. Appointed patriarch to the Church, 1833. Member of the Kirtland high council. Appointed assistant counselor to the First Presidency, 1837. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 11).

Smith, Joseph (1832-1914), farmer; president of the Reorganized Church, 1860-1914. He remained with his mother in Nauvoo, Illinois after his father was killed in 1844 and most of the saints migrated west with Brigham Young. Married Emmeline Griswold, 1856. Accepted call as president of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints in 1860. Moved to Plano, Illinois, in 1865 and began editing the Saints' Herald. Moved to Lamoni, Iowa, in 1881 and helped found Graceland College. Outspoken critic of the practice of plural marriage. Traveled to Utah in 1879, where he challenged LDS teachings about his father's involvement in polygamy. Died at Independence, Missouri. Facial neuralgia resulted in blindness during the last four years of his life (Malone, Dictionary of American Biography, 17:312-13; Mary Anderson, Ancestry and Posterity of Joseph Smith, 567-78; Howard, The Memoirs of President Joseph Smith III; Hutchins, "Joseph Smith III").

Smith, Julia Murdock (1831-1880), born at Warrensville, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. When twins born to Joseph and Emma Smith on 30 April 1831 died at childbirth, the couple adopted the twins of John Murdock born the same day, whose mother died giving them birth. One of the twins, Joseph, died a year later; the other, Julia, was raised by the Smith family. Julia died near Nauvoo, Illinois (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 28:61-63).

Smith, Katherine (1813-1900), born at Lebanon, Grafton County, New Hampshire. Sister of Joseph Smith. Married Wilkins Jenkins Salisbury, 1831. Parents of eight children. The family moved to Missouri in 1838, then to Illinois. After the death of her husband in 1856, she remained at Plymouth, Hancock County, Illinois. Although affiliated with the RLDS Church, she maintained contact with relatives and friends in Utah until her death (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 26:102, 151-52; Richard Anderson, "What were Joseph Smith's Sister's Like?").

Smith, Lucy (1821-1882), youngest sister of Joseph Smith. Born at Palmyra, Ontario County, New York. Living with her parents during the migration of the Church from New York to Illinois, 1830-39. Married Arthur Millikin in 1840. Mother of nine children. She and her husband cared for her widowed mother for several years. Joined the RLDS Church in 1873. Died in Illinois (Richard L. Anderson, "What Were Joseph Smith's Sisters Like?").

Smith, Lucy Mack (1775-1856), daughter of Solomon Mack and Lydia Gates. Mother of Joseph Smith. Married Joseph Smith Sr., 1796. Had family of eight sons and three daughters. Seven of her sons preceded her in death. Led a company of Saints from Palmyra, New York, to Kirtland, Ohio, 1831. With the Latter-day Saints in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois, 1830-39. Her Biographical Sketches of Joseph Smith, written in 1845, is an important Smith family historical source. After the violent death of her sons Joseph and Hyrum and the departure of the Saints to the West, she remained in Nauvoo, Illinois, until her death (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:690-92).

Smith, Lyman (c1817-1837), born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence County, New York. A second cousin of George A. Smith. Participant in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Missionary in the eastern states with George A. in 1835. Married Clarissa Lyman, 1835 (Family Group Records Collection; Pusey, Builders of the Kingdom , 19-21; History of the Church, 2:185).

Smith, Robert Frederick (1806-1893), tanner, saddler, farmer. Born in Philadelphia. Moved to Hancock County, Illinois in 1833. Married Amanda Benton, 1834. Carthage, Illinois, justice of the peace, 1844. Officer in the Carthage Greys militia unit. Wounded in the battle of Nauvoo in 1845. Hancock County recorder, 1847-1851. As a colonel in the Civil War, he commanded a brigade with Sherman during his march to the sea. Mustered out of the service as a brigadier general. Served as military governor of Savannah, Georgia, for a time. Died at Hamilton, Hancock County, Illinois (Gregg, History of Hancock County, 816; History of Hancock County, 109).

Smith, Samuel Harrison (1808-1844), farmer; younger brother of Joseph Smith. Born at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont. One of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Proselyting with Orson Hyde in the eastern states, 1832. Hyde said of him: "[he was] a man slow of speech and unlearned, yet a man of good faith and extreme integrity." Married Mary Bailey, 1834. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1834-38. Moved to Missouri, 1838. Participated in the battle at Crooked River. Appointed a bishop at Nauvoo in 1841. Nauvoo city alderman and member of Nauvoo Legion, 1841. Married Levira Clark, 1841. Moved to Plymouth, Illinois, 1842. Died at Nauvoo, Illinois (Cook, Revelations, 34; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:278-82; Richard L. Anderson, Investigating the Book of Mormon Witnesses, 140-141; Richard Anderson, "Joseph Smith's Brothers").

Smith, Sophronia (1803-1876), born at Tunbridge, Orange County, Vermont. A sister of Joseph Smith. Married Calvin W. Stoddard at Palmyra, New York, 1828. Mother of two known daughters. After Calvin's death in 1836, Sophronia married William McCleary in 1838. She was numbered with the saints in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois, but did not follow Brigham Young west. Died in Illinois. (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 26:102, 151; Stoddard Family Bible, in possession of Buddy Youngreen; Richard L. Anderson, "What were Joseph Smith's Sisters Like?" 42-44.)

Smith, Sylvester (c.1805-?), born in Connecticut. Converted to Mormonism, 1831. One of the Presidents of Seventy, 1835-37. Missionary to New England with Jared Carter in 1832. Quarrelsome participant in Zion's Camp, 1834. Temporary scribe to Joseph Smith in 1836 during illness of Warren Parrish. Member of the Kirtland high council, 1835-36. Left the Church in 1837. Living in Kirtland, Ohio, 1840, and Willoughby, 1850 (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:191; Cook, Revelations, 156; U.S. Census: Lake County, Ohio, 1840, 1950).

Smith, William (1811-1893), farmer, newspaper editor. Brother of Joseph Smith. Married Caroline Amanda Grant in 1833. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Member of the Quorum of Twelve, 1835-45. Settled at Plymouth, Illinois, 1839. Represented Hancock County in the Ilinois State House of Representatives. Editor of Nauvoo newspaper The Wasp, 1842. Appointed presiding patriarch, 1845. Rebellious and headstrong, he was excommunicated in 1845. Associated with James J. Strang, 1846-47; joined RLDS Church, 1878. Died at Osterdock, Clay County, Iowa (Cook, Revelations, 276-77; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia 1:86-87; Richard L. Anderson, "Joseph Smith's Brothers," 32-33).

Snow, Zerubbabel (1809-1888), school teacher, merchant, lawyer, elder brother of Erastus Snow. Born at St. Johnsbury, Caledonia County, Vermont. Converted to Mormonism and moved to Ohio, 1832. Commissary of Zion's Camp, 1834. Practiced law in Ohio, 1839-50. Associate Justice of Utah Territory, 1851-54. Missionary to Australia, 1856-58. Probate judge of Iron County, Utah, 1859-61, and Utah County, 1862-64. Salt Lake County prosecuting attorney, 1865-84 (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:691; Tullidge, History of Salt Lake City, 160-166).

Snyder, John (1800-1875), mason; born at Pleasant Valley, Brunswick, Nova Scotia. Married Mary Herron, 1822. Converted to Mormonism in Toronto, Canada, in 1836. Missionary to England in 1837. Located in Missouri and Illinois. On committee to build the Nauvoo House in Nauvoo, Illinois. Member of the Nauvoo Legion. Mission to England, 1842-43. Migrated to Utah in 1850, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 277-78; Family Group Records Collection).

Squires, Andrew Jackson (1815-1897), physician; born at Aurora, Portage County, Ohio. Studied medicine at Willoughby Medical College, Willoughby, Ohio, 1840-41. Married Martha Wilmot, 1850. Began practice of medicine at Mantua in 1864; still practicing in Hiram, Ohio, 1885. Justice of the Peace. Served in Ohio state legislature, 1859-61 (History of Portage County, Ohio, 750; U.S. Census: Mantua, Portage County, Ohio, 1850; Family Group Records Collection).

Stanley, Harvey (1811-1862), stonecutter, dairyman; born in New York. Member of the First Quorum of Seventy. Participant in march of Zion's Camp to Missouri, 1834. Married Lerona Eliza Cahoon, daughter of Reynolds Cahoon, in Kirtland, Ohio, 1836. Lerona died 1840. Worked on Nauvoo Temple. Living at Keokuk, Lee County, Iowa, 1850. Migrated in the 1850s to Petaluma, Marin County, California, where he died (U.S. Census: Lee County, Iowa, 1850; Marin County, California, 1860; Marin County, California, probate register, 1862; Shurtleff and Cahoon, Reynolds Cahoon, 93-94).

Stillman, Dexter (1804-1852), born at Colebrook, Litchfield County, Connecticut. Married Barbara Redfield. With the Latter-day Saints in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois. Member of the Mormon Battalion in the Mexican War. In Pottawattamie County, Iowa, in 1848 (Black, Membership 41:795-96; International Genealogical Index).

Stoddard, Calvin (1801-1836), married Joseph Smith's sister Sophronia in Palmyra, New York, 1828. Had two daughters. Assisted in building the Kirtland Temple. Died at Kirtland, Ohio (Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, 26:102, 151; Stoddard family Bible; History of the Church, 2:206; Richard L. Anderson, "What were Joseph Smith's Sisters Like?").

Stowell, Josiah (1770-?), farmer, miller; born at Winchester, Cheshire County, New Hampshire. Married Miriam Bridgeman. Father of eight children. Stowell owned a farm and sawmill two miles south of Bainbridge, New York. Employed Joseph Smith on his farm and in search for lost Spanish treasure in northern Pennsylvania in 1820s. Stowell did not follow the Latter-day Saints west from New York, although he remained friendly toward them. He died at Smithboro, Tioga County, New York, in the 1840s (William H. H. Stowell, Stowell Genealogy , 229-30; Porter, "Origins of the Church," 121-23,177-78, 207-210).

Strobridge, Richard R. (1816-?), born in New York. Living at Brantford, Brant County, Ontario, Canada in 1851. Converted to Mormonism and baptized by Joseph Smith at Mt. Pleasant, Ontario, in 1833 (Canadian Census: Brantford, Brant, Ontario, 1851).

Strong, Elial (c.1810-1834), born at Sullivan, Tioga County, Pennsylvania. One of the first Mormon converts from Tioga County, 1831. One of the missionaries who converted Heber C. Kimball, Brigham Young, and others at Mendon, New York, 1832. He died of cholera in Missouri (Journal History, 31 December 1831, 15 April 1832; Backman, Profile, 69).

T

Taylor, John (1808-1887), born at Milnthorpe, Westmoreland County, England. Emigrated to Toronto, Canada, 1829. Married Leonora Cannon, 1833. Converted by Mormon missionaries in 1836. Appointed to the Council of Twelve, 1838. Missionary in England, 1839-41. Member of the Nauvoo, Illinois, city council and Nauvoo Legion and editor of the Times and Seasons and Nauvoo Neighbor. With Joseph Smith when he was killed in Carthage Jail. Mission to England, 1846-47. Arrived in Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Mission to France, 1850-52. Editor of The Mormon in New York City, 1855-57. Member of the Utah territorial legislature, 1857-76. Succeeded Brigham Young as President of the Church, 1880-87. Died at Kaysville, Davis County, Utah (Cook, Revelations, 234-35).

Taylor, Jonathan (180? ?), residing at Norton, Medina County, Ohio in 1830 (U.S. Census: Norton, Medina County, Ohio, 1830).

Tewksbury, Abijah R. (1790-1875), born in Massachusetts. After his baptism in 1841, opened his Boston shipping office to LDS Church meetings. Represented the Boston branch at a conference in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1842. Cut off from the Church shortly afterward. Still residing in Boston at time of his death (U.S. Census: Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, 1850).

Thayre, Ezra (1791-?), bridge and mill builder; born at Randolph, Orange County, Vermont. Married Polly Wales, 1810. Baptized by Parley Pratt in Ontario County, New York, 1830. Member of the committee to purchase land for settlement at Kirtland, Ohio, 1833. Participant in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Among Mormons driven from Missouri, 1838-39. Member of the Council of Fifty in Nauvoo. Moved to Michigan following the death of Joseph Smith. Joined the Reorganized Church in 1860 (Cook, Revelations, 47-48; History of the Church, 1:335; 2:185; Saints' Herald 3 [October 1862]: 79-84; 33 [8 May 1886]: 278-79).

Thomas, Jesse Burgess (1806-1850), lawyer; born at Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio. Located at Edwardsville, Illinois. Secretary of the state senate, 1830. Elected to state legislature from Madison County, 1834. Appointed attorney general, 1834. Moved to Springfield. Circuit judge, 1837-39. Succeeded Steven A. Douglas as associate justice of the Illinois Supreme Court, 1843-1848. Moved to Chicago, where he died (Bateman, and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia, 521).

Tippets, John Harvey (1810-1890), farmer; born in Rockingham County, New Hampshire. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. Married Abby Jane Smith, 1834. Involved with the Church in Missouri and Illinois. Member of Mormon Battalion, 1846. Accompanied sick detachment to Pueblo, Colorado, then joined the saints at Winter Quarters. Left pioneer company at Fort Laramie to lead Battalion members and Mississippi saints to Salt Lake Valley in 1847. Moved to Farmington, Davis County, Utah, 1864. Ordained patriarch, 1878. Died at Farmington (Family Group Records Collection; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 2:606-607).

Tippets, Joseph H. (1814-1868), farmer. A cousin of John H. and William Tippets. Born at Lewis, Essex County, New York. Participated in construction of the temple at Kirtland, Ohio. Married Rosella Elvira Perry, 1837. At Quincy, Illinois, in 1840. Crossed plains to Utah, 1848. Resided at Kaysville, Farmington, and Brigham City, where he died (Family Group Records Collection; Backman, Profile, 72, 99; U.S. Census: Adams County, Illinois, 1840).

Tippets, William (1812-1877), farmer; born at Groton, Hillsboro County, New Hampshire. Joined the Latter-day Saints, 1832. Married Sophia Mead, 1842. Residing at Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, 1844-50; Salt Lake City, Utah, 1850-60. Died at Perry, Box Elder County, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; Forsgren, History of Box Elder County, 14).

Turley, Theodore (1800-1872), gunsmith; born at Birmingham, England. Married Frances A. Kimberly, 1821. Emigrated to Canada as a Methodist preacher in 1818. Converted to Mormonism in 1837. Located with the Latter-day Saints in Ohio, Missouri, and Illinois. Missionary in England, 1839-40. Appointed weigher and sealer in Nauvoo, 1841. Proprietor of a Nauvoo brewery. Also owned a gun shop. Died at Beaver, Beaver County, Utah (Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 4:492; Esshom, Pioneers, 1218; Black, Membership, 43:933-38).

Turnham, Joel (1784-1862), farmer; born in Virginia. Moved to Clay County, Missouri, by 1820. Built a tobacco warehouse at Liberty Landing, 1830. County commissioner in 1829. Served as judge of the Clay County court 1827-30; 1838-44; and 1854-56. Living at Fishing River, Clay County, 1850. Appointed to a committee to warn abolitionists from Clay County, 1855. Died at Cameron, Milam County, Texas (Woodson, History of Clay County, 331-32; History of Clay and Platte Counties, Missouri , 118, 123, 170-173; Martin and Hill, "Milam County, Texas Records," 2:149; U.S. Census: Clay County, Missouri, 1850; Milam County Texas, 1860).

Tuttle, Smith (1795-1865), born and died in New Haven, Connecticut. Census records list his occupation as shipping merchant (Ancestral File; U.S. Census, New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut, 1850, 1860).

V

Van Buren, Martin (1782-1862), lawyer, national political leader, eighth President of the U.S.; born at Kinderhook, Columbia County, New York. Attorney general of New York, 1816-1819; U.S. Senator, 1821-1828. Elected governor of New York in 1829 but resigned to become U.S. secretary of state, 1829-31. Elected U.S. vice-president, 1833-37, and president, 1837-41. Visited by Joseph Smith in 1840 in the Prophet's effort to obtain government redress for Mormon sufferings in Missouri. Failing at re-election, he spent the rest of his days at his estate in Kinderhook (Martin and Gelber, Dictionary of American History, 656-57).

W

Walker, Joel Hamilton (1813-?), born at Peacham, Vermont. Partner in the Chicago mercantile firm of King, Walker & Co., 1836-39 (History of the Church, 6:425).

Walker, Lorin (1822-1907), born at Peacham, Caledonia County, Vermont. Son of John and Lydia Holmes Walker. After Lorin's mother died in 1842, leaving ten children, Joseph Smith took some of the children, including Lorin, into his home. Married Lovina Smith, daughter of Hyrum Smith, 1844. Stayed in Nauvoo, Illinois, after death of Joseph Smith to help Joseph's widow Emma. After Emma married Lewis Bidamon in 1847, Lorin and his wife moved to Macedonia, Hancock County, where they lived with Katharine and Sophronia, Joseph Smith's sisters, both widows. Migrated to Utah in 1860 and settled at Farmington, Davis County. Operated a carding mill. After death of his wife in 1876, he moved to Rockland, Idaho, where he died (Family Records Collection; Jensen, Biographical Sketch of Lorin Walker).

Wasson, Lorenzo D. (1819-1857), son of Emma Smith's sister and brother-in-law, Elizabeth and Benjamin Wasson. Came to Illinois with his parents from Broome County, New York, in 1837. Converted to Mormonism in Illinois in 1842. Married Marietta Crocker, 1843. Appointed to the Council of Fifty, 1844. Died at Amboy, Lee County, Illinois (Black, Membership, 44:956-57; History of the Church, 4:557; 6:261; Amboy Township Cemeteries, 23; Kennedy, Recollections of the Pioneers of Lee County, 57-62).

Waterman, John O. (1797-1876), farmer; born in Orange County, New York. Married Emeline Shepard. Living among the Latter-day Saints in Ohio, 1836. Bought land at Grove, Allegany County, New York, in 1837 and sold it in 1842. Died insane at Moline, Rock Island County, Illinois (Jacobus, The Waterman Family, 2:648-49).

Weaver, Russell (1788-1866), farmer, preacher, physician; born at Shaftsbury, Bennington County, Vermont. Married Lydia Cowell, 1808. Residing at Cambria, Niagara County, New York, in 1809, where he died (Weaver, History and Genealogy of a Branch of the Weaver Family, 235-36).

Webb, Edwin Densmore (1813-?), carpenter; born at Hanover, Chautauqua County, New York. Married Eliza McWithy at Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. One of the Seventies in Kirtland, Ohio, 1836. Living in the Nauvoo Illinois First Ward, 1842, and in Racine, Wisconsin, 1842-50. Crossed plains to Utah, 1853. Living at Fillmore, Millard County, Utah, 1860, and Sacramento, California, 1870-1880 (Family Group Records Collection; Black, Membership, 30:146-47; U.S. Census: Marquette County, Wisconsin, 1850; Millard County, Utah, 1860; Sacramento, California, 1870, 1880).

Webb, John (1808-1894), wagon maker, farmer; born at Manham, Herkimer County, New York. Married Catharine Wilcox, 1836. Baptized in 1839. Living in Adams County, Illinois in early 1840s. The federal census lists him in Salt Lake Valley, 1850; Fillmore, Millard County, Utah, 1860; and Petersburgh, Millard County, in 1870. In 1855 he was one of the pioneer settlers of Holden, Millard County. He died at Coyote, Garfield County, Utah (Family Group Records Collection; Deseret Evening News, 12 June 1894; An Enduring Legacy, 5:333).

Wells, Daniel Hanmer (1814-1891), farmer; born at Trenton, Oneida County, New York. Moved to Hancock County, Illinois, in 1834. Married Eliza Robeson, 1835. Residing at Commerce when the Mormons arrived there and sold land to them. An officer in the state militia, constable, justice of the peace, alderman, and municipal court judge, while residing at Nauvoo. Baptized in 1846. Migrated to Utah in 1848. Elected general of the Nauvoo Legion, 1849. Second counselor to Brigham Young, 1857-77; counselor to the Quorum of Twelve, 1877-91. Mayor of Salt Lake City, 1866-76. Lieutenant-general of the Utah territorial militia. Presided over the European Mission, 1884-87. President of the Manti Temple, 1888-91. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:62-66; History of the Church, 4:154-55).

Wells, Robert William (1795-1864), lawyer and jurist. Born at Winchester, Virginia. Studied law in Ohio and egan practice at St. Charles, Missouri in 1820. Designed the Great Seal of Missouri. Member of the Missouri General Assembly, 1824; attorney general, 1826-36; U. S. district judge, 1836-37; U. S. judge of Western District, 1857-64. Supporter of the Union during the Civil War. Died at Bowling Green, Kentucky (Who Was Who in America, 570; Bay, Reminiscences, 538-44).

Whitlock, Harvey Gilman (1809-1874), medical doctor; born in Massachusetts. Married Minerva Abbot, 1830. Converted to Mormonism and moved to Jackson County, Missouri, 1831. Victim of the expulsion from Jackson County, 1833. Excommunicated, 1835; rebaptized, 1836. Withdrew from Church, 1838. Living in Cedar County, Iowa, in 1840. Member of the "Grand Council" of the Rigdonite Church in 1846. Medical doctor in Salt Lake City, 1850. Resided for a time at Springville, Utah. Moved to California in 1864, where he joined the RLDS Church and served as president of the Pacific Slope. Excommunicated from the RLDS Church, 1868. Died at Bishop Creek, Inyo County, California (Cook, Revelations, 81; Journal of W. W. Blair, Ms., RLDS Church Archives, Independence, Missouri; Saints' Herald 9 [1 June 1866]: 174).

Whitmer, David (1805-1888), born near Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania. One of the Three Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. First met Joseph Smith during a business trip to Palmyra, New York, in 1828. Baptized in June 1829. Married Julia Ann Jolly, 1831. Appointed president of the Church in Missouri, 1834. Left the Church in Missouri in 1838 and spent the remainder of his life there. Operated a livery stable at Richmond, Ray County. Elected mayor of Richmond, 1867-68 (Cook, Revelations, 24-25; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:263-71; Richard L. Anderson, Investigating the Book of Mormon Witnesses, 67-92).

Whitmer, John (1802-1878), farmer, stock raiser. Born in Pennsylvania. Among the first converts to Mormonism. One of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Scribe to Joseph Smith. Appointed Church historian, 1831. Wrote a history titled "The Book of John Whitmer," covering the years 1831-38. Married Sarah Jackson, 1833. Appointed counselor to his brother, David, in the Missouri Church presidency, 1834. Editor of the Messenger and Advocate, 1835-36. Left the church in 1838; remained at Far West, Caldwell County, Missouri, where he died (Cook, Revelations, 25-26; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:251-52).

Whitmer, Peter, Jr. (1809-1836), tailor. Born at Fayette, Seneca County, New York. One of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Baptized in June 1830. Participant in the Lamanite mission to Ohio and Missouri, 1830-31. Married Vashti Higley, 1832. Appointed to the Missouri high council, 1836. Died of tuberculosis in Clay County, Missouri (Cook, Revelations, 26-27; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:277).

Whitney, Elizabeth Ann Smith (1800-1883), born at Derby, New Haven County, Connecticut. Married Newel K. Whitney, 1822. Converted to Mormonism in 1830. Appointed first counselor to Emma Smith when the Relief Society was organized at Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1842 and second counselor in the Relief Society in Utah, 1866-83. Came to Utah with her family in 1848. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 3:563-64; 4:200).

Whitney, Newel K. (1795-1850), merchant. Born at Marlborough, Windham County, Vermont. Partner with Sidney Gilbert in a mercantile firm at Painesville and later at Kirtland, Ohio. Married Elizabeth Ann Smith, 1822. Appointed bishop at Kirtland, 1831; Nauvoo Middle Ward, 1839; Salt Lake City Eighteenth Ward, 1849. Traveled with Joseph Smith to Missouri and New York, 1832. Elected alderman at Nauvoo, 1841. Crossed the plains to Utah in 1848. Died at Salt Lake City (Cook, Revelations, 102-103; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:222-27).

Whitney, Sarah Ann (1825-1873), born at Kirtland, Geauga, County, Ohio. Daughter of Elizabeth Ann and Newel K. Whitney. Plural wife of Joseph Smith, 1842. After death of the Prophet, married Heber C. Kimball. Came to Utah in 1848. Died in Salt Lake City (Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage 10:389-90).

Wight, Lyman (1796-1858), farmer; born at Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York. Married Harriet Benton, 1823. Affiliated with the Campbellites in Kirtland, Ohio when converted to Mormonism in 1830. Among the Latter-day Saints driven from Jackson County, Missouri, 1833. The revelation that called missionaries to solicit volunteers for Zion's camp listed Wight and Sidney Rigdon as companions. Member of the Clay County, Missouri, high council, 1834. Imprisoned with Joseph Smith at Liberty, Missouri, 1838-39. Member of Council of Twelve, 1841-48. Moved to Texas, 1845. Excommunicated, 1848. Chief Justice of Gillespie County, Texas, 1850. Died at Dexter, Medina County, Texas (Cook, Revelations, 82-83; Doctrine and Covenants 103:38; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:93; U.S. Census: Gillespie County, Texas, 1850).

Wilcox, Catherine Noramore (1809-1884), was born at Kremina, New York. Married Eber Wilcox in 1826. He died of cholera in Clay County, Missouri, in 1834. Married John Webb, 1836. Lived in Illinois and Missouri. Crossed plains to Utah in 1848. By the 1860 census, Catherine had apparently separated from John Webb (Family Group Records Collection; U.S. Census: Salt Lake County, 1850; Millard County, Utah, 1860).

Williams, Frederick Granger (1787-1842), physician. Born at Suffield, Hartford County, Connecticut. Married Rebecca Swain, 1815. Converted by Mormon missionaries who came through Kirtland, Ohio, in November 1830. Appointed clerk to Joseph Smith in July 1832. Counselor in the First Presidency, 1833-37. Participated in march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Disaffected from the Church, 1837, restored to fellowship, 1839. Died at Quincy, Illinois (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:51-52; Cook, Revelations, 104-05).

Williams, Levi (? 1861), farmer, cooper; born in Kentucky. Veteran of War of 1812 and Black Hawk War. Settled at Green Plains, Hancock County, Illinois, in the early 1830s. Green Plains postmaster and Hancock County road commissioner. Colonel commanding the Fifty-ninth Regiment, Fourth Brigade, Fifth Division of Illinois militia, 1844. One of the men indicted for the murder of Joseph Smith. Involved in mob action against Mormons in Hancock County. Died at Green Plains (Oaks and Hill, Carthage Conspiracy, 58-59; U.S. Census: Hancock County, Illinois, 1850; Muster Roll of 59th Regiment of Illinois Militia, 1844, Ms., Chicago Historical Society; Hancock County Probate Records, 1861; History of Hancock County, 127, 605-606).

Williams, William Wheeler (1790-1852), farmer; born at Suffield, Essex County, Massachusetts. Brother of Frederick G. Williams. Married Lavina Dibble, 1814, and after her death two years later, married Nancy Sherman, 1817. Died at Newburgh, Cuyahoga County, Ohio (U.S. Census: Newburgh, Cuyahoga, Ohio, 1850; Family Group Records Collection; Williams and Williams, Descendants of John Williams, 142, 149-50).

Wilson, Moses, resident of Independence, Missouri. Jackson County court judge, 1834; officer in the Missouri state militia under General Samuel Lucas in the 1830s during the Mormon sojourn in the state. After Joseph Smith's arrest in October 1838, Wilson's company escorted the Prophet and other LDS prisoners to Independence. Engaged in mob activity against the Saints (The History of Jackson County, Missouri , 1966, 178; History of the Church, 1:376, 398, 411; 2:46; 4:72, 394; Smith, History of the Reorganized Church, 2:260-261).

Woodruff, Wilford (1807-1898), farmer, miller; born at Farmington, Hartford County, Connecticut. Converted to Mormonism in 1833. Participated in the march of Zion's Camp, 1834. Missionary in the southern states, 1834-36; New England, 1837-38; Great Britain, 1839-41. Married Phoebe Carter, 1837. Ordained an apostle in 1839. Presided over the European Mission, 1844-46. Accompanied first party of Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, 1847. Presided over the Eastern States Mission, 1848-50. Led a company of emigrants to Utah in 1850. Member of the Utah territorial legislature. Appointed an assistant Church historian in 1856; President of the Quorum of Twelve, 1880; and President of the Church, 1889-1898. Died at San Francisco, California (Alexander, Things in Heaven and Earth: The Life and Times of Wilford Woodruff; Jessee, "Wilford Woodruff"; Cook, Revelations, 235-36).

Woodworth, Lucien (1799-1867), carpenter, stonemason; born at Thetford, Orange County, Vermont. At Nauvoo he was architect of the Nauvoo House, a colonel in the Nauvoo Legion, a member of the Council of Fifty, and aide to Joseph Smith. Special mission to Texas to seek out land for Church settlement, 1844. Crossed the plains to Utah and was living in Lehi, Utah County, in 1850-56. At San Bernardino, California, by 1860 (Black, Membership, 47:567; U.S. Census: Utah County, Utah, 1850; San Bernardino, California, 1860; History of the Church, 5:284; 6:264, 350, 525).

Works, Angeline Eliza (1814-1880), born at Aurelius, Cayuga County, New York. A sister to Brigham Young's wife, Miriam. Married Ebenezer Robinson in Kirtland, Ohio, 1835. Died at Hamilton, Decatur County, Iowa (Family Group Records Collection; Biographical and Historical Record of Ringgold and Decature Counties, Iowa, 651-52).

Y

Young, Brigham (1801-1877), carpenter, painter, glazier. Born at Whitingham, Windham County, Vermont. Married Miriam Works, 1824. Living in Mendon, New York, when he joined the Latter-day Saints in 1832. Moved to Kirtland, Ohio, 1832. With Zion's Camp, 1834. His Kirtland years were divided between missionary work and labor on the temple. Member of the Quorum of Twelve, 1835-1847. Succeeded Thomas Marsh as President of the Quorum of Twelve, 1838; Church President, 1848-1877. Directed Mormon evacuation from Missouri, 1838-39. Mission to England, 1839-41. Elected to Nauvoo City Council, 1841. Directed Mormon migration from Nauvoo to Utah, 1846-48. Governor of Utah Territory, 1850-57; Superintendent of Indian Affairs, 1851-57. Directed colonization of hundreds of communities in western U.S. Died in Salt Lake City (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:8-14; Cook, Revelations, 279-81; Arrington, Brigham Young: American Moses).

Young, Joseph (1797-1881), painter, glazier; brother of Brigham Young. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Converted to Mormonism in 1832. Married Jane A. Bicknell, 1834. A president of the First Quorum of Seventy, 1835-1881. Participant in Zion's Camp march to Missouri, 1834, and Kirtland Camp, 1838. Witnessed the Haun's Mill Massacre in Caldwell County, Missouri, 1838. Moved to Nauvoo, Illinois, 1840. Crossed the plains to Utah in 1850. Missionary in England, 1870. Died at Salt Lake City, Utah (Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:187-88; Cook, Revelations, 281).

Young, Lorenzo Dow (1807-1895), farmer, nurseryman. Brother of Brigham Young. Born at Smyrna, Chenango County, New York. Married Persis Goodall, 1826. Converted to Mormonism, 1832. During his Ohio years, he was a member of Zion's Camp and supervised plastering of the temple at Kirtland, Ohio. Arrived in Utah with Mormon pioneers of 1847. Bishop of Salt Lake City Eighteenth Ward, 1851-78. Ordained patriarch, 1877. Died at Salt Lake City (Family Group Records Collection; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4:724-25; Whitney, History of Utah, 4:53-55).

Young, Phineas (1799-1879), printer, lawyer, saddler; born at Hopkinton, Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Brother of Brigham Young. Married Clarissa Hamilton, 1818, and later, Lucy Cowdery, half-sister of Oliver Cowdery. Joined the LDS Church in April 1832 and was en route to Jackson County, Missouri, in 1833 when he received news of the driving of the Saints from that place. Returned to Kirtland, Ohio, and worked in the printing office. Arrived in Utah with the Mormon pioneer company of 1847. Instrumental in the return of Oliver Cowdery to the Church, 1848. Missionary in England and Scotland. Bishop of Salt Lake City Second Ward, 1864-71. Died in Salt Lake City (The Deseret Weekly, 3 February 1858; Jenson, Biographical Encyclopedia, 4: 511; Carter, Our Pioneer Heritage, 2:509).

Young, Richard Montgomery (1796-1853), born in Kentucky. Studied law and moved to Illinois, where he was admitted to the bar in 1817. Served in the second general assembly of Illinois, 1820-22, as a representative from Union County. Circuit judge, 1825-27, 1829-37. U.S. senator, 1837-1843, when he was commissioned justice of the Illinois Supreme Court. Resigned from the court in 1847 to become commissioner of the General Land Office at Washington, D.C. Died in an insane asylum at Washington, D.C (Bateman, Currey, and Selby, Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois and History of Hancock County, 2:603-04).